Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study
BackgroundInflammatory cytokines have long been considered closely related to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP), and we further explored the causal relationship between the two by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsWe performed bidirectional MR analyses by large genome-wide associa...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1332317/full |
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| author | Xin Chen Simin Zhang Simin Zhang Xiao Wu Yuxi Lei Yuxi Lei Bing Lei Bing Lei Zhibai Zhao Zhibai Zhao |
| author_facet | Xin Chen Simin Zhang Simin Zhang Xiao Wu Yuxi Lei Yuxi Lei Bing Lei Bing Lei Zhibai Zhao Zhibai Zhao |
| author_sort | Xin Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundInflammatory cytokines have long been considered closely related to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP), and we further explored the causal relationship between the two by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsWe performed bidirectional MR analyses by large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The data included a large-scale OLP dataset, as well as datasets of 41 inflammatory cytokines. All data were obtained from the University of Bristol database, which includes 41 inflammatory cytokines, and the GWAS Catalog database, which includes 91 inflammatory cytokines. OLP data were obtained from the Finngen database, which includes 6411 cases and 405770 healthy controls. We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, weighted median method, simple mode method and weighted mode method to analyze the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and OLP, and we also combined with sensitivity analysis to further verify the robustness of the results. We performed a meta-analysis of positive or potentially positive results for the same genes to confirm the reliability of the final results.ResultsWe primarily used the IVW analysis method, corrected using the Benjamin Hochberg (BH) method. When p<0.00038 (0.05/132), the results are significantly causal; when 0.00038<p<0.05, the results are potentially causal. We found a total of 7 inflammatory cytokines with significant or potential associations with OLP (University of Bristol database: 2, GWAS Catalog database: 5). In the reverse analysis, we found that a total of 30 inflammatory cytokines were significantly or potentially associated with OLP (University of Bristol database: 5, GWAS Catalog database: 25). After sensitivity analysis and meta-analysis, we finally determined that there was a causal relationship between a total of 3 inflammatory cytokines and OLP in the forward analysis, the most significant of which was FGF21 (p=0.02954, odds ratio (OR): 1.113, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.011-1.226). In the reverse analysis, 14 inflammatory cytokines were causally associated with OLP, the most significant of which was PLAU (p=0.00002, OR: 0.951, 95%CI: 0.930-0.973).ConclusionThere is a causal association between OLP and some inflammatory cytokines, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP and require further attention. |
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| id | doaj.art-d5cac34ca88a42c9a5847c82f8989610 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d5cac34ca88a42c9a5847c82f89896102024-02-07T05:34:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242024-02-011510.3389/fimmu.2024.13323171332317Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization studyXin Chen0Simin Zhang1Simin Zhang2Xiao Wu3Yuxi Lei4Yuxi Lei5Bing Lei6Bing Lei7Zhibai Zhao8Zhibai Zhao9Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jiangyin People's Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of General Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaEndodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of Emergency Room, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of General Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaKey Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaDepartment of General Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, ChinaBackgroundInflammatory cytokines have long been considered closely related to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP), and we further explored the causal relationship between the two by Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsWe performed bidirectional MR analyses by large genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The data included a large-scale OLP dataset, as well as datasets of 41 inflammatory cytokines. All data were obtained from the University of Bristol database, which includes 41 inflammatory cytokines, and the GWAS Catalog database, which includes 91 inflammatory cytokines. OLP data were obtained from the Finngen database, which includes 6411 cases and 405770 healthy controls. We used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, weighted median method, simple mode method and weighted mode method to analyze the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and OLP, and we also combined with sensitivity analysis to further verify the robustness of the results. We performed a meta-analysis of positive or potentially positive results for the same genes to confirm the reliability of the final results.ResultsWe primarily used the IVW analysis method, corrected using the Benjamin Hochberg (BH) method. When p<0.00038 (0.05/132), the results are significantly causal; when 0.00038<p<0.05, the results are potentially causal. We found a total of 7 inflammatory cytokines with significant or potential associations with OLP (University of Bristol database: 2, GWAS Catalog database: 5). In the reverse analysis, we found that a total of 30 inflammatory cytokines were significantly or potentially associated with OLP (University of Bristol database: 5, GWAS Catalog database: 25). After sensitivity analysis and meta-analysis, we finally determined that there was a causal relationship between a total of 3 inflammatory cytokines and OLP in the forward analysis, the most significant of which was FGF21 (p=0.02954, odds ratio (OR): 1.113, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.011-1.226). In the reverse analysis, 14 inflammatory cytokines were causally associated with OLP, the most significant of which was PLAU (p=0.00002, OR: 0.951, 95%CI: 0.930-0.973).ConclusionThere is a causal association between OLP and some inflammatory cytokines, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP and require further attention.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1332317/fullMendelian randomizationoral lichen planusinflammatory cytokinesinflammationimmunity |
| spellingShingle | Xin Chen Simin Zhang Simin Zhang Xiao Wu Yuxi Lei Yuxi Lei Bing Lei Bing Lei Zhibai Zhao Zhibai Zhao Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study Frontiers in Immunology Mendelian randomization oral lichen planus inflammatory cytokines inflammation immunity |
| title | Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus: a Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | inflammatory cytokines and oral lichen planus a mendelian randomization study |
| topic | Mendelian randomization oral lichen planus inflammatory cytokines inflammation immunity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1332317/full |
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