Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms
Abstract Purpose To investigate the changes of cough sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome and its possible mechanisms. Method A total of 29 metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with OSAHS (group-1), 22 MetS patients without OSAHS (group-2), and 25 healthy controls (group-3) were included. A...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-09-01
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| Series: | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01652-x |
| _version_ | 1819140014211072000 |
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| author | Jiafen Cheng Zhuangli Xie Shengyuan Wang Siwan Wen Shanshan Niu Cuiqin Shi Li Yu Xianghuai Xu |
| author_facet | Jiafen Cheng Zhuangli Xie Shengyuan Wang Siwan Wen Shanshan Niu Cuiqin Shi Li Yu Xianghuai Xu |
| author_sort | Jiafen Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Purpose To investigate the changes of cough sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome and its possible mechanisms. Method A total of 29 metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with OSAHS (group-1), 22 MetS patients without OSAHS (group-2), and 25 healthy controls (group-3) were included. All participants underwent a routine physical examination and completed the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ), and the inflammatory mediator profile were determined. The cough threshold for capsaicin, induced sputum cell count and cell classification, and inflammatory mediators in induced sputum supernatants were compared. The correlation between capsaicin cough sensitivity and various indicators in the MetS population was analyzed. Results The minimum concentration of inhaled capsaicin needed to induce ≥ 5 coughs (C5) was significantly different among three groups (H = 14.393, P = 0.001) and lower for group-1 and group-2 than it for group-3 (P = 0.002, P = 0.005). The percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum and the concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the sputum supernatant of group-1 and group-2 were significantly higher than those of group-3. Besides, the pepsin concentrations were significantly different among the 3 groups (F = 129.362, P < 0.001), which significantly was highest in group-1 (P < 0.001) and lowest in group-3 (P < 0.001). Triglycerides, AHI, pepsin concentration and BMI were risk factors of increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Conclusion Increased capsaicin cough sensitivity in MetS patients is closely related to sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux. For patients in MetS patients without OSAHS, gastroesophageal reflux is an important factor for increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Airway inflammation, especially airway neurogenic inflammation, may also play a role in the pathogenesis of increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Trial registration The protocol was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Register ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ) (ChiCTR1800014768). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:31:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d5da21d2894b48e7a3d1f5f972a52460 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T11:31:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d5da21d2894b48e7a3d1f5f972a524602022-12-21T18:27:36ZengBMCBMC Pulmonary Medicine1471-24662021-09-0121111110.1186/s12890-021-01652-xCough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanismsJiafen Cheng0Zhuangli Xie1Shengyuan Wang2Siwan Wen3Shanshan Niu4Cuiqin Shi5Li Yu6Xianghuai Xu7Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityAbstract Purpose To investigate the changes of cough sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome and its possible mechanisms. Method A total of 29 metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients with OSAHS (group-1), 22 MetS patients without OSAHS (group-2), and 25 healthy controls (group-3) were included. All participants underwent a routine physical examination and completed the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ), and the inflammatory mediator profile were determined. The cough threshold for capsaicin, induced sputum cell count and cell classification, and inflammatory mediators in induced sputum supernatants were compared. The correlation between capsaicin cough sensitivity and various indicators in the MetS population was analyzed. Results The minimum concentration of inhaled capsaicin needed to induce ≥ 5 coughs (C5) was significantly different among three groups (H = 14.393, P = 0.001) and lower for group-1 and group-2 than it for group-3 (P = 0.002, P = 0.005). The percentage of neutrophils in induced sputum and the concentrations of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and interleukin 8 (IL-8) in the sputum supernatant of group-1 and group-2 were significantly higher than those of group-3. Besides, the pepsin concentrations were significantly different among the 3 groups (F = 129.362, P < 0.001), which significantly was highest in group-1 (P < 0.001) and lowest in group-3 (P < 0.001). Triglycerides, AHI, pepsin concentration and BMI were risk factors of increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Conclusion Increased capsaicin cough sensitivity in MetS patients is closely related to sleep apnea and gastroesophageal reflux. For patients in MetS patients without OSAHS, gastroesophageal reflux is an important factor for increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Airway inflammation, especially airway neurogenic inflammation, may also play a role in the pathogenesis of increased capsaicin cough sensitivity. Trial registration The protocol was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trials Register ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/ ) (ChiCTR1800014768). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrollment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01652-xMetabolic syndromeCough sensitivityObstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndromeGastroesophageal reflux diseaseAirway inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Jiafen Cheng Zhuangli Xie Shengyuan Wang Siwan Wen Shanshan Niu Cuiqin Shi Li Yu Xianghuai Xu Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms BMC Pulmonary Medicine Metabolic syndrome Cough sensitivity Obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome Gastroesophageal reflux disease Airway inflammation |
| title | Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| title_full | Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| title_short | Cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome: a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| title_sort | cough hypersensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome a clinical finding and its possible mechanisms |
| topic | Metabolic syndrome Cough sensitivity Obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome Gastroesophageal reflux disease Airway inflammation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-021-01652-x |
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