The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy
Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this stud...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 |
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| author | Magdalena Król-Kulikowska Nikita Abramenko Milan Jakubek Mirosław Banasik Marta Kepinska |
| author_facet | Magdalena Król-Kulikowska Nikita Abramenko Milan Jakubek Mirosław Banasik Marta Kepinska |
| author_sort | Magdalena Król-Kulikowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy. |
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| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:28:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d5f9b317ce3a4615ac902946d5001d9f2024-02-23T15:21:59ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832024-02-0113499510.3390/jcm13040995The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic NephropathyMagdalena Król-Kulikowska0Nikita Abramenko1Milan Jakubek2Mirosław Banasik3Marta Kepinska4Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandBIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech RepublicBIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 252 50 Vestec, Czech RepublicDepartment and Clinic of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211a, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandBackground: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is responsible for the production of angiotensin II, and increased production of angiotensin II is observed in diabetes. What is more, <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms may play a role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of selected <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms (rs4343 and rs4646994) in the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy and in the likelihood of renal replacement therapy. Methods: <i>ACE</i> polymorphisms were analyzed in a group of 225 patients who were divided into three subgroups. The rs4343 polymorphism was determined using the PCR-RFLP, and the rs4646994 polymorphism was determined using the PCR. Molecular docking between domains of ACE and its ligands was performed by using AutoDock Vina. Results: The G/G genotype of rs4343 polymorphism is associated with increased odds of developing diabetic nephropathy. The G allele is also associated with a higher risk of this disease. Similar results were obtained in patients who had already had a kidney transplant as a result of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions: The presence of G/G and G/A genotypes, and the G allele increases the likelihood of developing diabetic nephropathy. This may also be a risk factor for renal replacement therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995diabetes nephropathykidney transplantsingle nucleotide polymorphismsACE inhibitorsmolecular docking |
| spellingShingle | Magdalena Król-Kulikowska Nikita Abramenko Milan Jakubek Mirosław Banasik Marta Kepinska The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Journal of Clinical Medicine diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking |
| title | The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy |
| title_full | The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy |
| title_short | The Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Polymorphisms in the Risk of Development and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy |
| title_sort | role of angiotensin converting enzyme ace polymorphisms in the risk of development and treatment of diabetic nephropathy |
| topic | diabetes nephropathy kidney transplant single nucleotide polymorphisms ACE inhibitors molecular docking |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/4/995 |
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