Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru
The cultivation of rice is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to continuously flooded irrigation (CF), which demands large volumes of water. As an alternative solution, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation has been developed as a water-saving strategy. This study...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/2/248 |
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| author | Ida Echegaray-Cabrera Lena Cruz-Villacorta Lia Ramos-Fernández Mirko Bonilla-Cordova Elizabeth Heros-Aguilar Lisveth Flores del Pino |
| author_facet | Ida Echegaray-Cabrera Lena Cruz-Villacorta Lia Ramos-Fernández Mirko Bonilla-Cordova Elizabeth Heros-Aguilar Lisveth Flores del Pino |
| author_sort | Ida Echegaray-Cabrera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cultivation of rice is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to continuously flooded irrigation (CF), which demands large volumes of water. As an alternative solution, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation has been developed as a water-saving strategy. This study was conducted at the Experimental Agricultural Station (EEA) in Vista, Florida, in the Lambayeque region located on the northern coast of Peru. Thus, it was analyzed the effect of AWD irrigation at different depths (5, 10, and less than 20 cm below the surface) compared to CF control on methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions and rice grain yield. AWD treatments reduced CH<sub>4</sub> emissions by 84% to 99% but increased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by 66% to 273%. In terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP), the AWD<sub>10</sub> treatment demonstrated a 77% reduction and a Water Use Efficiency (WUE) of 0.96, affecting only a 2% decrease in rice grain yield, which ranged between 11.85 and 14.01 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mo> </mo><mi>ha</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Likewise, this study provides sufficient evidence for the adoption of AWD irrigation as a strategy for the efficient use of water resources and the mitigation of GHG emissions in rice cultivation in the study area, compared to continuous flooded irrigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:47:00Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:47:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d61a30c1944b4c87801421a9c1739be72024-02-23T15:03:58ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-01-0114224810.3390/agronomy14020248Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of PeruIda Echegaray-Cabrera0Lena Cruz-Villacorta1Lia Ramos-Fernández2Mirko Bonilla-Cordova3Elizabeth Heros-Aguilar4Lisveth Flores del Pino5Science Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruDepartment of Territorial Planning and Doctoral Program in Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruDepartment of Water Resources, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruScience Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruAgronomy Faculty, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruCenter for Research in Environmental Chemistry, Toxicology and Biotechnology, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima 15024, PeruThe cultivation of rice is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to continuously flooded irrigation (CF), which demands large volumes of water. As an alternative solution, alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation has been developed as a water-saving strategy. This study was conducted at the Experimental Agricultural Station (EEA) in Vista, Florida, in the Lambayeque region located on the northern coast of Peru. Thus, it was analyzed the effect of AWD irrigation at different depths (5, 10, and less than 20 cm below the surface) compared to CF control on methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) and nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions and rice grain yield. AWD treatments reduced CH<sub>4</sub> emissions by 84% to 99% but increased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by 66% to 273%. In terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP), the AWD<sub>10</sub> treatment demonstrated a 77% reduction and a Water Use Efficiency (WUE) of 0.96, affecting only a 2% decrease in rice grain yield, which ranged between 11.85 and 14.01 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msup><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi><mo> </mo><mi>ha</mi></mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>. Likewise, this study provides sufficient evidence for the adoption of AWD irrigation as a strategy for the efficient use of water resources and the mitigation of GHG emissions in rice cultivation in the study area, compared to continuous flooded irrigation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/2/248global warming potentialwater managementgrain yield |
| spellingShingle | Ida Echegaray-Cabrera Lena Cruz-Villacorta Lia Ramos-Fernández Mirko Bonilla-Cordova Elizabeth Heros-Aguilar Lisveth Flores del Pino Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru Agronomy global warming potential water management grain yield |
| title | Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru |
| title_full | Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru |
| title_short | Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Emission of Greenhouse Gases from Rice Fields on the Northern Coast of Peru |
| title_sort | effect of alternate wetting and drying on the emission of greenhouse gases from rice fields on the northern coast of peru |
| topic | global warming potential water management grain yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/2/248 |
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