Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>
Eicosanoids are crucial downstream signals in the insect immune responses. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes phospholipids, the initial step in eicosanoid biosynthesis. In mammals, the biological roles of <i>Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2)</i> have been e...
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| author | Xin Hu Bili Zhang Xi Zheng Haoyan Ji Kun Feng Xiaosong Hu Isma Gul Muhammad Nadeem Abbas Hongjuan Cui Yong Zhu |
| author_facet | Xin Hu Bili Zhang Xi Zheng Haoyan Ji Kun Feng Xiaosong Hu Isma Gul Muhammad Nadeem Abbas Hongjuan Cui Yong Zhu |
| author_sort | Xin Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eicosanoids are crucial downstream signals in the insect immune responses. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes phospholipids, the initial step in eicosanoid biosynthesis. In mammals, the biological roles of <i>Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2)</i> have been extensively studied; however, only a few studies have attempted to explore <i>iPLA2</i> functions in insects. In this study, we identified two <i>iPLA2</i> genes (designated as <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i>) in the silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>. <i>BmiPLA2A</i> had a 2427 base pair (bp) open reading frame (ORF) that coded for a protein with 808 amino acids. In contrast, <i>BmiPLA2B</i> had a 1731 bp ORF that coded for a protein with 576 amino acids. Domain analysis revealed that BmiPLA2A had six ankyrin repeat domains, but BmiPLA2B lacks these domains. <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> were transcribed widely in various tissues and developmental stages with different expression patterns. The administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone increased their expression levels in the epidermis and hemocytes. Furthermore, challenged with virus, fungus, Gram-negative bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria induced the expression of <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> with variable degrees along with different time points. Our findings imply that <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> may have important biological roles in the development and innate immunity of <i>B. mori</i>. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d62d8fce6dd3439c91147bfdc0dbd8be2023-11-23T19:21:09ZengMDPI AGCurrent Issues in Molecular Biology1467-30371467-30452022-02-0144277779010.3390/cimb44020054Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>Xin Hu0Bili Zhang1Xi Zheng2Haoyan Ji3Kun Feng4Xiaosong Hu5Isma Gul6Muhammad Nadeem Abbas7Hongjuan Cui8Yong Zhu9State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaEicosanoids are crucial downstream signals in the insect immune responses. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) catalyzes phospholipids, the initial step in eicosanoid biosynthesis. In mammals, the biological roles of <i>Ca<sup>2+</sup>-independent Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2)</i> have been extensively studied; however, only a few studies have attempted to explore <i>iPLA2</i> functions in insects. In this study, we identified two <i>iPLA2</i> genes (designated as <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i>) in the silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>. <i>BmiPLA2A</i> had a 2427 base pair (bp) open reading frame (ORF) that coded for a protein with 808 amino acids. In contrast, <i>BmiPLA2B</i> had a 1731 bp ORF that coded for a protein with 576 amino acids. Domain analysis revealed that BmiPLA2A had six ankyrin repeat domains, but BmiPLA2B lacks these domains. <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> were transcribed widely in various tissues and developmental stages with different expression patterns. The administration of 20-hydroxyecdysone increased their expression levels in the epidermis and hemocytes. Furthermore, challenged with virus, fungus, Gram-negative bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria induced the expression of <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> with variable degrees along with different time points. Our findings imply that <i>BmiPLA2A</i> and <i>BmiPLA2B</i> may have important biological roles in the development and innate immunity of <i>B. mori</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/2/54silkworm<i>iPLA2</i>immune responsedevelopment |
| spellingShingle | Xin Hu Bili Zhang Xi Zheng Haoyan Ji Kun Feng Xiaosong Hu Isma Gul Muhammad Nadeem Abbas Hongjuan Cui Yong Zhu Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> Current Issues in Molecular Biology silkworm <i>iPLA2</i> immune response development |
| title | Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> |
| title_full | Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> |
| title_short | Molecular Characterization of Two Genes Encoding Novel Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Independent Phospholipase A2s from the Silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i> |
| title_sort | molecular characterization of two genes encoding novel ca sup 2 sup independent phospholipase a2s from the silkworm i bombyx mori i |
| topic | silkworm <i>iPLA2</i> immune response development |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1467-3045/44/2/54 |
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