Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake
Lipid supplements (oilseeds vegetables) are included in ruminant diet to increase its energy density and improve fatty acid composition of milk and consequently of fresh cheese. Milk and cheeses were evaluated from crossbred Holstein × Zebu, fed diets enriched with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% inclusion le...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2015-08-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/8/15434 |
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| author | Ronaldo Oliveira Mario Faria Raimundo Silva Leilson Bezerra Gleidson Carvalho Alyson Pinheiro Juliana Simionato André Leão |
| author_facet | Ronaldo Oliveira Mario Faria Raimundo Silva Leilson Bezerra Gleidson Carvalho Alyson Pinheiro Juliana Simionato André Leão |
| author_sort | Ronaldo Oliveira |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lipid supplements (oilseeds vegetables) are included in ruminant diet to increase its energy density and improve fatty acid composition of milk and consequently of fresh cheese. Milk and cheeses were evaluated from crossbred Holstein × Zebu, fed diets enriched with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% inclusion levels of palm kernel cake in concentrated supplement, which were supplied daily (3.0 kg). Milk and fresh cheese (p = 0.001) fatty acids C12:0 exhibited quadratic negative values. Milk fatty acids C13:0, C20:0, C18:2t10c12, and C20:2n-6 presented positive quadratic values. The milk C18:2n-6 decreased linearly and in fresh cheese exhibited an increasing linear effect (p = 0.016). However, the fatty acids grouped in milk fat were not affected. The medium-chain fatty acids varied negatively and quadratically (p = 0.045). There was no effect on milk and fresh cheese chemical composition (p > 0.05). The milk fat was increased (p = 0.0065) quadratically (minimum point of 24.7%). Thus, the addition of palm kernel cake to cow diets negatively altered the fatty acid profile, it raises the percentage of lauric (C12) and tridecanoic (C13) acids fat which is not beneficial to human health from a nutraceutical perspective, although it did not influence the atherogenicity index. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T21:14:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d62fe2bd4cfe4d27a49f59beeaee9981 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T21:14:15Z |
| publishDate | 2015-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d62fe2bd4cfe4d27a49f59beeaee99812022-12-21T17:30:58ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492015-08-01208154341544810.3390/molecules200815434molecules200815434Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel CakeRonaldo Oliveira0Mario Faria1Raimundo Silva2Leilson Bezerra3Gleidson Carvalho4Alyson Pinheiro5Juliana Simionato6André Leão7School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal University of Piauí, Bom Jesus 6490000, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, BrazilSchool of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170110, BrazilDepartment of Animal Science, State University of Bahia, Itapetinga 45700000, BrazilInstitute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Federal University of de Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis 78735636, BrazilLipid supplements (oilseeds vegetables) are included in ruminant diet to increase its energy density and improve fatty acid composition of milk and consequently of fresh cheese. Milk and cheeses were evaluated from crossbred Holstein × Zebu, fed diets enriched with 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% inclusion levels of palm kernel cake in concentrated supplement, which were supplied daily (3.0 kg). Milk and fresh cheese (p = 0.001) fatty acids C12:0 exhibited quadratic negative values. Milk fatty acids C13:0, C20:0, C18:2t10c12, and C20:2n-6 presented positive quadratic values. The milk C18:2n-6 decreased linearly and in fresh cheese exhibited an increasing linear effect (p = 0.016). However, the fatty acids grouped in milk fat were not affected. The medium-chain fatty acids varied negatively and quadratically (p = 0.045). There was no effect on milk and fresh cheese chemical composition (p > 0.05). The milk fat was increased (p = 0.0065) quadratically (minimum point of 24.7%). Thus, the addition of palm kernel cake to cow diets negatively altered the fatty acid profile, it raises the percentage of lauric (C12) and tridecanoic (C13) acids fat which is not beneficial to human health from a nutraceutical perspective, although it did not influence the atherogenicity index.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/8/15434atherogenicity indexCLAElaeis guineensisfatty acid profileunsaturated |
| spellingShingle | Ronaldo Oliveira Mario Faria Raimundo Silva Leilson Bezerra Gleidson Carvalho Alyson Pinheiro Juliana Simionato André Leão Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake Molecules atherogenicity index CLA Elaeis guineensis fatty acid profile unsaturated |
| title | Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake |
| title_full | Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake |
| title_fullStr | Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake |
| title_short | Fatty Acid Profile of Milk and Cheese from Dairy Cows Supplemented a Diet with Palm Kernel Cake |
| title_sort | fatty acid profile of milk and cheese from dairy cows supplemented a diet with palm kernel cake |
| topic | atherogenicity index CLA Elaeis guineensis fatty acid profile unsaturated |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/20/8/15434 |
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