Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses
<i>Ficus carica</i> L. is a common fig that is an incredibly nutritional fruit, well-known for its medicinal and economic values. This study aims to establish an efficient protocol for the mass propagation of fig plantlets (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) for the cultivar ‘Violette d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Horticulturae |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1025 |
| _version_ | 1797468117025161216 |
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| author | Wan Ting Ling Li Vern Tan Soo Ping Khor Dahmendra Sriskanda Sreeramanan Subramaniam Bee Lynn Chew |
| author_facet | Wan Ting Ling Li Vern Tan Soo Ping Khor Dahmendra Sriskanda Sreeramanan Subramaniam Bee Lynn Chew |
| author_sort | Wan Ting Ling |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Ficus carica</i> L. is a common fig that is an incredibly nutritional fruit, well-known for its medicinal and economic values. This study aims to establish an efficient protocol for the mass propagation of fig plantlets (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) for the cultivar ‘Violette de Solliès’. Surface-sterilized shoot-tip explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, BAP; thidiazuron, TDZ; kinetin, Kn; and zeatin, Zea). Induced shoots were rooted on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) with different concentrations of auxins (naphthalene-acetic acid, NAA; indole-3-acetic acid, IAA; and indole-3-butyric acid, IBA). Rooted explants were acclimatized in eight different soil substrates prior to cultivation in a commercial plot. The propagated plantlets were analyzed for genetic stability and clonal fidelity using RAPD and SCoT molecular markers, whereas scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe the stomata morphology of post-acclimatized plants. MS media supplemented with 5.0 mg/L BAP was the optimal treatment for multiple shoot induction (15.20 ± 1.03 shoots), whereas the highest percentage of rooting (93.33%) was achieved in WPM supplemented with 3.0 mg/L IBA. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized in biochar soil with a survival rate of 100%. RAPD and SCoT analysis showed no polymorphism occurrences across six subculture cycles, whereas observations via SEM indicated normal stomata structures on the leaves of acclimatized plantlets. This study documents an efficient micropropagation protocol for <i>Ficus carica</i> cv. ‘Violette de Solliès’ for the production of uniformed and true-to-type plant stocks suitable for commercial propagation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:02:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d648a531b96c4344ba5951a759d28c8a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-7524 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:02:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Horticulturae |
| spelling | doaj.art-d648a531b96c4344ba5951a759d28c8a2023-11-24T04:52:59ZengMDPI AGHorticulturae2311-75242022-11-01811102510.3390/horticulturae8111025Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy AnalysesWan Ting Ling0Li Vern Tan1Soo Ping Khor2Dahmendra Sriskanda3Sreeramanan Subramaniam4Bee Lynn Chew5School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, MalaysiaSchool of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, George Town 11800, Penang, Malaysia<i>Ficus carica</i> L. is a common fig that is an incredibly nutritional fruit, well-known for its medicinal and economic values. This study aims to establish an efficient protocol for the mass propagation of fig plantlets (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) for the cultivar ‘Violette de Solliès’. Surface-sterilized shoot-tip explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins (6-benzylaminopurine, BAP; thidiazuron, TDZ; kinetin, Kn; and zeatin, Zea). Induced shoots were rooted on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) with different concentrations of auxins (naphthalene-acetic acid, NAA; indole-3-acetic acid, IAA; and indole-3-butyric acid, IBA). Rooted explants were acclimatized in eight different soil substrates prior to cultivation in a commercial plot. The propagated plantlets were analyzed for genetic stability and clonal fidelity using RAPD and SCoT molecular markers, whereas scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to observe the stomata morphology of post-acclimatized plants. MS media supplemented with 5.0 mg/L BAP was the optimal treatment for multiple shoot induction (15.20 ± 1.03 shoots), whereas the highest percentage of rooting (93.33%) was achieved in WPM supplemented with 3.0 mg/L IBA. Plantlets were successfully acclimatized in biochar soil with a survival rate of 100%. RAPD and SCoT analysis showed no polymorphism occurrences across six subculture cycles, whereas observations via SEM indicated normal stomata structures on the leaves of acclimatized plantlets. This study documents an efficient micropropagation protocol for <i>Ficus carica</i> cv. ‘Violette de Solliès’ for the production of uniformed and true-to-type plant stocks suitable for commercial propagation.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1025<i>Ficus carica</i>polymorphism analysisRAPD markersSCoT markersstomatascanning electron microscopy |
| spellingShingle | Wan Ting Ling Li Vern Tan Soo Ping Khor Dahmendra Sriskanda Sreeramanan Subramaniam Bee Lynn Chew Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses Horticulturae <i>Ficus carica</i> polymorphism analysis RAPD markers SCoT markers stomata scanning electron microscopy |
| title | Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses |
| title_full | Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses |
| title_fullStr | Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses |
| title_short | Rapid In Vitro Propagation of Fig (<i>Ficus carica</i> L.) ‘Violette de Solliès’ Supported by Molecular and Microscopy Analyses |
| title_sort | rapid in vitro propagation of fig i ficus carica i l violette de sollies supported by molecular and microscopy analyses |
| topic | <i>Ficus carica</i> polymorphism analysis RAPD markers SCoT markers stomata scanning electron microscopy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-7524/8/11/1025 |
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