Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics
<i>Saussurea involucrata</i> (<i>S. involucrata</i>) had been reported to have anti-hepatoma function. However, the mechanism is complex and unclear. To evaluate the anti-hepatoma mechanism of <i>S. involucrata</i> comprehensively and make a theoretical basis for...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2466 |
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| author | Junpeng Gao Yi Wang Bo Lyu Jian Chen Guang Chen |
| author_facet | Junpeng Gao Yi Wang Bo Lyu Jian Chen Guang Chen |
| author_sort | Junpeng Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Saussurea involucrata</i> (<i>S. involucrata</i>) had been reported to have anti-hepatoma function. However, the mechanism is complex and unclear. To evaluate the anti-hepatoma mechanism of <i>S. involucrata</i> comprehensively and make a theoretical basis for the mechanical verification of later research, we carried out this work. In this study, the total phenolic acids from <i>S. involucrata</i> determined by a cell suspension culture (ESPI) was mainly composed of 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, according to the LC-MS analysis. BALB/c nude female mice were injected with HepG2 cells to establish an animal model of liver tumor before being divided into a control group, a low-dose group, a middle-dose group, a high-dose group, and a DDP group. Subsequently, EPSI was used as the intervention drug for mice. Biochemical indicators and differences in protein expression determined by TMT quantitative proteomics were used to resolve the mechanism after the low- (100 mg/kg), middle- (200 mg/kg), and high-dose (400 mg/kg) interventions for 24 days. The results showed that EPSI can not only limit the growth of HepG2 cells in vitro, but also can inhibit liver tumors significantly with no toxicity at high doses in vivo. Proteomics analysis revealed that the upregulated differentially expressed proteins (DE proteins) in the high-dose group were over three times that in the control group. ESPI affected the pathways significantly associated with the protein metabolic process, metabolic process, catalytic activity, hydrolase activity, proteolysis, endopeptidase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, etc. The treatment group showed significant differences in the pathways associated with the renin-angiotensin system, hematopoietic cell lineage, etc. In conclusion, ESPI has a significant anti-hepatoma effect and the potential mechanism was revealed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:34:07Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:34:07Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-d64dc255f373414c9f466bef467a51cd2023-11-22T18:16:35ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-10-011010246610.3390/foods10102466Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative ProteomicsJunpeng Gao0Yi Wang1Bo Lyu2Jian Chen3Guang Chen4College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, ChinaCollege of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China<i>Saussurea involucrata</i> (<i>S. involucrata</i>) had been reported to have anti-hepatoma function. However, the mechanism is complex and unclear. To evaluate the anti-hepatoma mechanism of <i>S. involucrata</i> comprehensively and make a theoretical basis for the mechanical verification of later research, we carried out this work. In this study, the total phenolic acids from <i>S. involucrata</i> determined by a cell suspension culture (ESPI) was mainly composed of 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, according to the LC-MS analysis. BALB/c nude female mice were injected with HepG2 cells to establish an animal model of liver tumor before being divided into a control group, a low-dose group, a middle-dose group, a high-dose group, and a DDP group. Subsequently, EPSI was used as the intervention drug for mice. Biochemical indicators and differences in protein expression determined by TMT quantitative proteomics were used to resolve the mechanism after the low- (100 mg/kg), middle- (200 mg/kg), and high-dose (400 mg/kg) interventions for 24 days. The results showed that EPSI can not only limit the growth of HepG2 cells in vitro, but also can inhibit liver tumors significantly with no toxicity at high doses in vivo. Proteomics analysis revealed that the upregulated differentially expressed proteins (DE proteins) in the high-dose group were over three times that in the control group. ESPI affected the pathways significantly associated with the protein metabolic process, metabolic process, catalytic activity, hydrolase activity, proteolysis, endopeptidase activity, serine-type endopeptidase activity, etc. The treatment group showed significant differences in the pathways associated with the renin-angiotensin system, hematopoietic cell lineage, etc. In conclusion, ESPI has a significant anti-hepatoma effect and the potential mechanism was revealed.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2466<i>S. involucrata</i>anti-hepatomatraditional Chinese medicinepharmacological mechanismproteomics |
| spellingShingle | Junpeng Gao Yi Wang Bo Lyu Jian Chen Guang Chen Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics Foods <i>S. involucrata</i> anti-hepatoma traditional Chinese medicine pharmacological mechanism proteomics |
| title | Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics |
| title_full | Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics |
| title_fullStr | Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics |
| title_short | Component Identification of Phenolic Acids in Cell Suspension Cultures of <i>Saussurea</i><i>involucrata</i> and Its Mechanism of Anti-Hepatoma Revealed by TMT Quantitative Proteomics |
| title_sort | component identification of phenolic acids in cell suspension cultures of i saussurea i i involucrata i and its mechanism of anti hepatoma revealed by tmt quantitative proteomics |
| topic | <i>S. involucrata</i> anti-hepatoma traditional Chinese medicine pharmacological mechanism proteomics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/10/2466 |
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