Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments
<i>Monascus</i> pigments (MPs) are natural edible pigments with high safety and strong function, which have been widely used in food and health products. In this study, different types of tea extracts (rich in polyphenols) were used to regulate the biosynthesis of MPs. The results showed...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/20/3159 |
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| author | Wen-Long Li Jia-Li Hong Jin-Qiang Lu Shan-Gong Tong Li Ni Bin Liu Xu-Cong Lv |
| author_facet | Wen-Long Li Jia-Li Hong Jin-Qiang Lu Shan-Gong Tong Li Ni Bin Liu Xu-Cong Lv |
| author_sort | Wen-Long Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Monascus</i> pigments (MPs) are natural edible pigments with high safety and strong function, which have been widely used in food and health products. In this study, different types of tea extracts (rich in polyphenols) were used to regulate the biosynthesis of MPs. The results showed that 15% ethanol extract of pu-erh tea (T11) could significantly increase MPs production in liquid fermentation of <i>Monaco’s purpureus</i> M3. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses combined with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to further explore the regulatory mechanism of T11 on the biosynthesis of MPs. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that there were 1503 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the Con group and the T11 group, which were mainly distributed in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, etc. A total of 115 differential metabolites (DMs) identified by metabolomics between the Con and T11 groups were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, etc. The results of metabolomics were basically consistent with those of gene transcriptomics, indicating that the regulatory effect of T11 on the biosynthesis of MPs is mainly achieved through affecting the primary metabolic pathway, providing sufficient energy and more biosynthetic precursors for secondary metabolism. In this study, tea extracts with low economic value and easy access were used as promoters of MPs biosynthesis, which may be conducive to the application of MPs in large-scale industrial production. At the same time, a more systematic understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of <i>Monascus</i> metabolism was obtained through multi-omics analysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:17Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:47:17Z |
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| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-d64edff2d53c418180a969a817305a2f2023-12-02T00:30:22ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582022-10-011120315910.3390/foods11203159Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> PigmentsWen-Long Li0Jia-Li Hong1Jin-Qiang Lu2Shan-Gong Tong3Li Ni4Bin Liu5Xu-Cong Lv6Food Nutrition and Health Research Center, School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, ChinaCollege of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaCollege of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaInstitute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaInstitute of Food Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaFood Nutrition and Health Research Center, School of Advanced Manufacturing, Fuzhou University, Jinjiang 362200, China<i>Monascus</i> pigments (MPs) are natural edible pigments with high safety and strong function, which have been widely used in food and health products. In this study, different types of tea extracts (rich in polyphenols) were used to regulate the biosynthesis of MPs. The results showed that 15% ethanol extract of pu-erh tea (T11) could significantly increase MPs production in liquid fermentation of <i>Monaco’s purpureus</i> M3. Comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses combined with reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to further explore the regulatory mechanism of T11 on the biosynthesis of MPs. Comparative transcriptomic analysis showed that there were 1503 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the Con group and the T11 group, which were mainly distributed in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, etc. A total of 115 differential metabolites (DMs) identified by metabolomics between the Con and T11 groups were mainly enriched in glutathione metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, etc. The results of metabolomics were basically consistent with those of gene transcriptomics, indicating that the regulatory effect of T11 on the biosynthesis of MPs is mainly achieved through affecting the primary metabolic pathway, providing sufficient energy and more biosynthetic precursors for secondary metabolism. In this study, tea extracts with low economic value and easy access were used as promoters of MPs biosynthesis, which may be conducive to the application of MPs in large-scale industrial production. At the same time, a more systematic understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of <i>Monascus</i> metabolism was obtained through multi-omics analysis.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/20/3159<i>Monascus</i> pigmentstea extractstranscriptomicsmetabolomicsRT-qPCR |
| spellingShingle | Wen-Long Li Jia-Li Hong Jin-Qiang Lu Shan-Gong Tong Li Ni Bin Liu Xu-Cong Lv Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments Foods <i>Monascus</i> pigments tea extracts transcriptomics metabolomics RT-qPCR |
| title | Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments |
| title_full | Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments |
| title_short | Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of <i>Monascus</i> Pigments |
| title_sort | comparative transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the regulatory effect and mechanism of tea extracts on the biosynthesis of i monascus i pigments |
| topic | <i>Monascus</i> pigments tea extracts transcriptomics metabolomics RT-qPCR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/11/20/3159 |
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