PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening
Pectin is the major component in the primary cell wall and middle lamella, maintaining the physical stability and mechanical strength of the cell wall. Pectate lyase (PL), a cell wall modification enzyme, has a major influence on the structure of pectin. However, little information and no comprehens...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.844055/full |
| _version_ | 1819178932486799360 |
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| author | Ze Xu Jieyu Dai Tongyang Kang Kamran Shah Qin Li Kun Liu Libo Xing Juanjuan Ma Dong Zhang Caiping Zhao |
| author_facet | Ze Xu Jieyu Dai Tongyang Kang Kamran Shah Qin Li Kun Liu Libo Xing Juanjuan Ma Dong Zhang Caiping Zhao |
| author_sort | Ze Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pectin is the major component in the primary cell wall and middle lamella, maintaining the physical stability and mechanical strength of the cell wall. Pectate lyase (PL), a cell wall modification enzyme, has a major influence on the structure of pectin. However, little information and no comprehensive analysis is available on the PL gene family in peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch). In this study, 20 PpePL genes were identified in peach. We characterized their physicochemical characteristics, sequence alignments, chromosomal locations, and gene structures. The PpePL family members were classified into five groups based on their phylogenetic relationships. Among those, PpePL1, 9, 10, 15, and 18 had the higher expression abundance in ripe fruit, and PpePL1, 15, and 18 were upregulated during storage. Detailed RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PpePL1 and PpePL15 were responsive to ETH treatment (1 g L−1 ethephon) with an abundant transcript accumulation, which suggested these genes were involved in peach ripening and softening. In addition, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology was used to identify the roles of PpePL1 and PpePL15. Compared to controls, the RNAi fruit maintained greater firmness in the early storage stage, increased acid-soluble pectin (ASP), and reduced water-soluble pectin (WSP). Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that cell wall degradation was reduced in the fruit of RNAi-1 and RNAi-15, which indicated that softening of the RNAi fruit has been delayed. Our results indicated that PpePL1 and PpePL15 play an important role in peach softening by depolymerizing pectin and degrading cell wall. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:50:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d669e36c93af49859bbe5a979ca4bea4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:50:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d669e36c93af49859bbe5a979ca4bea42022-12-21T18:11:22ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-03-011310.3389/fpls.2022.844055844055PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and SofteningZe XuJieyu DaiTongyang KangKamran ShahQin LiKun LiuLibo XingJuanjuan MaDong ZhangCaiping ZhaoPectin is the major component in the primary cell wall and middle lamella, maintaining the physical stability and mechanical strength of the cell wall. Pectate lyase (PL), a cell wall modification enzyme, has a major influence on the structure of pectin. However, little information and no comprehensive analysis is available on the PL gene family in peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch). In this study, 20 PpePL genes were identified in peach. We characterized their physicochemical characteristics, sequence alignments, chromosomal locations, and gene structures. The PpePL family members were classified into five groups based on their phylogenetic relationships. Among those, PpePL1, 9, 10, 15, and 18 had the higher expression abundance in ripe fruit, and PpePL1, 15, and 18 were upregulated during storage. Detailed RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PpePL1 and PpePL15 were responsive to ETH treatment (1 g L−1 ethephon) with an abundant transcript accumulation, which suggested these genes were involved in peach ripening and softening. In addition, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology was used to identify the roles of PpePL1 and PpePL15. Compared to controls, the RNAi fruit maintained greater firmness in the early storage stage, increased acid-soluble pectin (ASP), and reduced water-soluble pectin (WSP). Moreover, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that cell wall degradation was reduced in the fruit of RNAi-1 and RNAi-15, which indicated that softening of the RNAi fruit has been delayed. Our results indicated that PpePL1 and PpePL15 play an important role in peach softening by depolymerizing pectin and degrading cell wall.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.844055/fullpeach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch)softeningpectate lyaseVIGSfruit |
| spellingShingle | Ze Xu Jieyu Dai Tongyang Kang Kamran Shah Qin Li Kun Liu Libo Xing Juanjuan Ma Dong Zhang Caiping Zhao PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening Frontiers in Plant Science peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) softening pectate lyase VIGS fruit |
| title | PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening |
| title_full | PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening |
| title_fullStr | PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening |
| title_full_unstemmed | PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening |
| title_short | PpePL1 and PpePL15 Are the Core Members of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family Involved in Peach Fruit Ripening and Softening |
| title_sort | ppepl1 and ppepl15 are the core members of the pectate lyase gene family involved in peach fruit ripening and softening |
| topic | peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) softening pectate lyase VIGS fruit |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.844055/full |
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