Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism
Over recent years, studies have shown that in patients with left-sided heart failure, arterial hypertension, and acute coronary syndrome, hyponatremia is a negative prognostic factor. In this context, there is raising interest in the association between hyponatremia and pulmonary embolism (PE). This...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
Series: | Diagnostics |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/214 |
_version_ | 1797416897849851904 |
---|---|
author | Anca Ouatu Madalina Stefana Mihai Daniela Maria Tanase Cristina Gena Dascalu Nicoleta Dima Lacramioara Ionela Serban Ciprian Rezus Mariana Floria |
author_facet | Anca Ouatu Madalina Stefana Mihai Daniela Maria Tanase Cristina Gena Dascalu Nicoleta Dima Lacramioara Ionela Serban Ciprian Rezus Mariana Floria |
author_sort | Anca Ouatu |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Over recent years, studies have shown that in patients with left-sided heart failure, arterial hypertension, and acute coronary syndrome, hyponatremia is a negative prognostic factor. In this context, there is raising interest in the association between hyponatremia and pulmonary embolism (PE). This retrospective cohort study includes 404 consecutive patients with confirmed acute nonfatal pulmonary embolism divided into four groups according to their sodium fluctuation pattern. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and determining the recurrence rate among patients with nonfatal PE using serum sodium levels as a continuous variable. Patients with acquired and persistent hyponatremia had a significantly higher rate of mortality rate than those in the normonatremia group (12.8% and 40.4%, OR- 7.206, CI: 2.383–21.791, <i>p</i> = 0.000 and OR-33.250, CI: 11.521–95.960, <i>p</i> = 0.000 vs. 2%, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Mean survival time decreases from 23.624 months (95% CI: (23.295–23.953)) in the normonatremia group to 16.426 months (95% CI: (13.17–19.134)) in the persistent hyponatremia group, statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.000). The mean survival time for all patients was 22.441 months (95% CI: (21.930–22.951)). The highest recurrence rate was recorded at 12 and 24 months in the acquired hyponatremia group (16.7% and 14.1%, respectively). Serum sodium determination is a simple and cost-effective approach in evaluating the short and long-term prognosis in patients with acute PE. |
first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:10:56Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-d66d9448d17348dbbe19c6255a1c50f2 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2075-4418 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:10:56Z |
publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
publisher | MDPI AG |
record_format | Article |
series | Diagnostics |
spelling | doaj.art-d66d9448d17348dbbe19c6255a1c50f22023-12-03T11:59:07ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-02-0111221410.3390/diagnostics11020214Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary EmbolismAnca Ouatu0Madalina Stefana Mihai1Daniela Maria Tanase2Cristina Gena Dascalu3Nicoleta Dima4Lacramioara Ionela Serban5Ciprian Rezus6Mariana Floria7Faculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Iași County “Sf. Spiridon” Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iași, RomaniaFaculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaDepartment of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaFaculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaFaculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaFaculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaFaculty of General Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, RomaniaOver recent years, studies have shown that in patients with left-sided heart failure, arterial hypertension, and acute coronary syndrome, hyponatremia is a negative prognostic factor. In this context, there is raising interest in the association between hyponatremia and pulmonary embolism (PE). This retrospective cohort study includes 404 consecutive patients with confirmed acute nonfatal pulmonary embolism divided into four groups according to their sodium fluctuation pattern. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and determining the recurrence rate among patients with nonfatal PE using serum sodium levels as a continuous variable. Patients with acquired and persistent hyponatremia had a significantly higher rate of mortality rate than those in the normonatremia group (12.8% and 40.4%, OR- 7.206, CI: 2.383–21.791, <i>p</i> = 0.000 and OR-33.250, CI: 11.521–95.960, <i>p</i> = 0.000 vs. 2%, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Mean survival time decreases from 23.624 months (95% CI: (23.295–23.953)) in the normonatremia group to 16.426 months (95% CI: (13.17–19.134)) in the persistent hyponatremia group, statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.000). The mean survival time for all patients was 22.441 months (95% CI: (21.930–22.951)). The highest recurrence rate was recorded at 12 and 24 months in the acquired hyponatremia group (16.7% and 14.1%, respectively). Serum sodium determination is a simple and cost-effective approach in evaluating the short and long-term prognosis in patients with acute PE.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/214hyponatremiapulmonary embolism (PE)prognostic factor |
spellingShingle | Anca Ouatu Madalina Stefana Mihai Daniela Maria Tanase Cristina Gena Dascalu Nicoleta Dima Lacramioara Ionela Serban Ciprian Rezus Mariana Floria Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism Diagnostics hyponatremia pulmonary embolism (PE) prognostic factor |
title | Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism |
title_full | Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism |
title_fullStr | Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism |
title_full_unstemmed | Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism |
title_short | Hyponatremia—Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Nonfatal Pulmonary Embolism |
title_sort | hyponatremia long term prognostic factor for nonfatal pulmonary embolism |
topic | hyponatremia pulmonary embolism (PE) prognostic factor |
url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/2/214 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ancaouatu hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT madalinastefanamihai hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT danielamariatanase hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT cristinagenadascalu hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT nicoletadima hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT lacramioaraionelaserban hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT ciprianrezus hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism AT marianafloria hyponatremialongtermprognosticfactorfornonfatalpulmonaryembolism |