Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force
Background: Measurements of tongue force are important in clinical practice during both the diagnostic process and rehabilitation progress. It has been shown that patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders have less tongue strength than asymptomatic subjects. Currently, there are few devices...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Life |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1192 |
| _version_ | 1797599399785791488 |
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| author | Marta Carlota Diaz-Saez Alfonso Gil-Martínez Inae Caroline Gadotti Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández Javier Gil-Castillo Hector Beltran-Alacreu |
| author_facet | Marta Carlota Diaz-Saez Alfonso Gil-Martínez Inae Caroline Gadotti Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández Javier Gil-Castillo Hector Beltran-Alacreu |
| author_sort | Marta Carlota Diaz-Saez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Measurements of tongue force are important in clinical practice during both the diagnostic process and rehabilitation progress. It has been shown that patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders have less tongue strength than asymptomatic subjects. Currently, there are few devices to measure tongue force on the market, with different limitations. That is why a new device has been developed to overcome them. The objectives of the study were to determine the intra- and inter-rater reliability and the responsiveness of a new low-cost device to evaluate tongue force in an asymptomatic population. Materials and Methods: Two examiners assessed the maximal tongue force in 26 asymptomatic subjects using a developed prototype of an Arduino device. Each examiner performed a total of eight measurements of tongue force in each subject. Each tongue direction was measured twice (elevation, depression, right lateralization, and left lateralization) in order to test the intrarater reliability. Results: The intrarater reliability using the new device was excellent for the measurements of the tongue force for up (ICC > 0.94), down (ICC > 0.93) and right (ICC > 0.92) movements, and good for the left movement (ICC > 0.82). The SEM and MDC values were below 0.98 and 2.30, respectively, for the intrarater reliability analysis. Regarding the inter-rater reliability, the ICC was excellent for measuring the tongue up movements (ICC = 0.94), and good for all the others (down ICC = 0.83; right ICC = 0.87; and left ICC = 0.81). The SEM and MDC values were below 1.29 and 3.01, respectively, for the inter-rater reliability. Conclusions: This study showed a good-to-excellent intra- and inter-reliability and good responsiveness in the new device to measure different directions of tongue force in an asymptomatic population. This could be a new, more accessible tool to consider and add to the assessment and treatment of different clinical conditions in which a deficit in tongue force could be found. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:33:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d68524745c3a4373bf159427a5035356 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-1729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:33:53Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-d68524745c3a4373bf159427a50353562023-11-18T02:09:56ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-05-01135119210.3390/life13051192Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue ForceMarta Carlota Diaz-Saez0Alfonso Gil-Martínez1Inae Caroline Gadotti2Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández3Javier Gil-Castillo4Hector Beltran-Alacreu5Physiotherapy Department, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/La Salle, 28023 Madrid, SpainPhysiotherapy Department, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/La Salle, 28023 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Physical Therapy, Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Florida International University, 11865 SW 26th St Suite H3, Miami, FL 33199, USACranioSPain Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/La Salle, 28023 Madrid, SpainNeural Rehabilitation Group, Cajal Institute, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Av. Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, SpainToledo Physiotherapy Research Group (GIFTO), Faculty of Physical Therapy and Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida de Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, SpainBackground: Measurements of tongue force are important in clinical practice during both the diagnostic process and rehabilitation progress. It has been shown that patients with chronic temporomandibular disorders have less tongue strength than asymptomatic subjects. Currently, there are few devices to measure tongue force on the market, with different limitations. That is why a new device has been developed to overcome them. The objectives of the study were to determine the intra- and inter-rater reliability and the responsiveness of a new low-cost device to evaluate tongue force in an asymptomatic population. Materials and Methods: Two examiners assessed the maximal tongue force in 26 asymptomatic subjects using a developed prototype of an Arduino device. Each examiner performed a total of eight measurements of tongue force in each subject. Each tongue direction was measured twice (elevation, depression, right lateralization, and left lateralization) in order to test the intrarater reliability. Results: The intrarater reliability using the new device was excellent for the measurements of the tongue force for up (ICC > 0.94), down (ICC > 0.93) and right (ICC > 0.92) movements, and good for the left movement (ICC > 0.82). The SEM and MDC values were below 0.98 and 2.30, respectively, for the intrarater reliability analysis. Regarding the inter-rater reliability, the ICC was excellent for measuring the tongue up movements (ICC = 0.94), and good for all the others (down ICC = 0.83; right ICC = 0.87; and left ICC = 0.81). The SEM and MDC values were below 1.29 and 3.01, respectively, for the inter-rater reliability. Conclusions: This study showed a good-to-excellent intra- and inter-reliability and good responsiveness in the new device to measure different directions of tongue force in an asymptomatic population. This could be a new, more accessible tool to consider and add to the assessment and treatment of different clinical conditions in which a deficit in tongue force could be found.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1192feedbackmuscle strengthneurofeedbackrehabilitationreproducibility of results tongue |
| spellingShingle | Marta Carlota Diaz-Saez Alfonso Gil-Martínez Inae Caroline Gadotti Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández Javier Gil-Castillo Hector Beltran-Alacreu Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force Life feedback muscle strength neurofeedback rehabilitation reproducibility of results tongue |
| title | Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force |
| title_full | Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force |
| title_fullStr | Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force |
| title_short | Reliability and Responsiveness of a Novel Device to Evaluate Tongue Force |
| title_sort | reliability and responsiveness of a novel device to evaluate tongue force |
| topic | feedback muscle strength neurofeedback rehabilitation reproducibility of results tongue |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/5/1192 |
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