Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension
Benjamin Bhunu, Isabel Riccio, Suttira Intapad Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USACorrespondence: Suttira IntapadDepartment of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8683, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2699, USATel...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Integrated Blood Pressure Control |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/insights-into-the-mechanisms-of-fetal-growth-restriction-induced-progr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IBPC |
| _version_ | 1818606279779680256 |
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| author | Bhunu B Riccio I Intapad S |
| author_facet | Bhunu B Riccio I Intapad S |
| author_sort | Bhunu B |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Benjamin Bhunu, Isabel Riccio, Suttira Intapad Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USACorrespondence: Suttira IntapadDepartment of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8683, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2699, USATel +1 504-988-9924Email sintapad@tulane.eduAbstract: In recent decades, both clinical and animal studies have shown that fetal growth restriction (FGR), caused by exposure to adverse uterine environments, is a risk factor for hypertension as well as for a variety of adult diseases. This observation has shaped and informed the now widely accepted theory of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). There is a plethora of evidence supporting the association of FGR with increased risk of adult hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this correlation remain unclear. This review aims to explain the current advances in the field of fetal programming of hypertension and a brief narration of the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to increased risk of adult hypertension. We explain the theory of DOHaD and then provide evidence from both clinical and basic science research which support the theory of fetal programming of adult hypertension. In addition, we have explored the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to an increased risk of adult hypertension. These mechanisms include epigenetic changes, metabolic disorders, vascular dysfunction, neurohormonal impairment, and alterations in renal physiology and function. We further describe sex differences seen in the developmental origins of hypertension and provide insights into the opportunities and challenges present in this field.Keywords: hypertension, FGR, placental insufficiency, LBW |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:08:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d6859d4856c8489caf1d2e21d8cc681f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7104 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:08:20Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Integrated Blood Pressure Control |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6859d4856c8489caf1d2e21d8cc681f2022-12-21T22:28:51ZengDove Medical PressIntegrated Blood Pressure Control1178-71042021-10-01Volume 1414115269619Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of HypertensionBhunu BRiccio IIntapad SBenjamin Bhunu, Isabel Riccio, Suttira Intapad Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USACorrespondence: Suttira IntapadDepartment of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, #8683, New Orleans, LA, 70112-2699, USATel +1 504-988-9924Email sintapad@tulane.eduAbstract: In recent decades, both clinical and animal studies have shown that fetal growth restriction (FGR), caused by exposure to adverse uterine environments, is a risk factor for hypertension as well as for a variety of adult diseases. This observation has shaped and informed the now widely accepted theory of developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). There is a plethora of evidence supporting the association of FGR with increased risk of adult hypertension; however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this correlation remain unclear. This review aims to explain the current advances in the field of fetal programming of hypertension and a brief narration of the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to increased risk of adult hypertension. We explain the theory of DOHaD and then provide evidence from both clinical and basic science research which support the theory of fetal programming of adult hypertension. In addition, we have explored the underlying mechanisms that may link FGR to an increased risk of adult hypertension. These mechanisms include epigenetic changes, metabolic disorders, vascular dysfunction, neurohormonal impairment, and alterations in renal physiology and function. We further describe sex differences seen in the developmental origins of hypertension and provide insights into the opportunities and challenges present in this field.Keywords: hypertension, FGR, placental insufficiency, LBWhttps://www.dovepress.com/insights-into-the-mechanisms-of-fetal-growth-restriction-induced-progr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IBPChypertensionfgrplacental insufficiencyand lbw |
| spellingShingle | Bhunu B Riccio I Intapad S Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension Integrated Blood Pressure Control hypertension fgr placental insufficiency and lbw |
| title | Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension |
| title_full | Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension |
| title_fullStr | Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension |
| title_short | Insights into the Mechanisms of Fetal Growth Restriction-Induced Programming of Hypertension |
| title_sort | insights into the mechanisms of fetal growth restriction induced programming of hypertension |
| topic | hypertension fgr placental insufficiency and lbw |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/insights-into-the-mechanisms-of-fetal-growth-restriction-induced-progr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IBPC |
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