A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms
The early Palaeozoic biodiversification is the most significant radiation of marine ecosystems of Earthâs history, starting with the appearance of invertebrate organisms near the PrecambrianâCambrian boundary and followed by a significant diversification during the Great Ordovician Biodiversificatio...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Estonian Academy Publishers
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2023-130_20230608202224.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797804422844121088 |
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| author | Pauline Guenser Martina Nohejlová Elise Nardin Bertrand Lefebvre |
| author_facet | Pauline Guenser Martina Nohejlová Elise Nardin Bertrand Lefebvre |
| author_sort | Pauline Guenser |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The early Palaeozoic biodiversification is the most significant radiation of marine ecosystems of Earthâs history, starting with the appearance of invertebrate organisms near the PrecambrianâCambrian boundary and followed by a significant diversification during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE). The apparently sudden appearance of major phyla of metazoans during the earliest Cambrian (i.e., the âCambrian Explosionâ, c.a. 540 Ma) has been considered by many as corresponding to an âexplosiveâ process that took place during a very short time interval. Similarly, the GOBE has been considered as a short spectacular global event triggering a massive biodiversification during the early Middle Ordovician (c.a. 470 Ma). However, it appears that both âeventsâ have been more intensively studied in a few locations, creating multiple gaps, and thus a bias, in the biodiversity datasets. For example, the âFurongian gapâ (late Cambrian) is clearly an artefact in the Paleobiology Database (PBDB), which includes mostly data from North America and Western Europe. These geographic areas were more intensively sampled and recorded in the PBDB than others (e.g., China), separating the âCambrian Explosionâ and the GOBE artificially, whereas the Geobiology Database (GBDB), which is focused on data from eastern Asia, records a more gradual increase of the global diversity during the early Palaeozoic.
These diversity curves are indeed not truly global but reflect patchy data from different palaeocontinental margins. Moreover, the evolution of global biodiversity is mostly estimated only in two dimensions (taxonomic richness versus time) and spatial distribution is rarely assessed. The organisms might have occupied the Earthâs surface heterogeneously because of constraints on their ecological niches, generating âdiversity hotspotsâ that were recorded in some databases and not in others.
We want to test whether global âexplosionsâ of diversity ever occurred, or instead a single, but very complex, long-term evolutionary process took place over space and time, starting in the late Precambrian and lasting throughout most of the early Palaeozoic, with changing âdiversity hotspotsâ at different palaeogeographical locations. To do so, we use echinoderms as a model and we propose a protocol to (1) assess the validity of diversity curves based on data currently available online, and (2) analyse the spatio-temporal evolution of their diversity (i.e., generic richness) in the Cambrian and the Ordovician.
We first compare echinoderms diversity curves between the PBDB, the GBDB and an original database built from a comprehensive synthesis of the literature, with a temporal resolution at the scale of the stratigraphic stage. Then, we gather the three datasets to build a synthetic database that includes a revised taxonomy. To avoid fake spatio-temporal diversity peaks and hotspots, we define comparable stratigraphic units in terms of temporal range and gather sampled sections that refer to the same locality (e.g., the Montagne Noire).
We will present the comparison of the diversity curves between the three databases and the details of the whole methodological protocol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:35:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d69b5c79fd5547839648c2f9a7fc679a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1736-4728 1736-7557 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:35:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Estonian Academy Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d69b5c79fd5547839648c2f9a7fc679a2023-06-14T07:33:30ZengEstonian Academy PublishersEstonian Journal of Earth Sciences1736-47281736-75572023-06-017211300https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.32https://doi.org/10.3176/earth.2023.32A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinodermsPauline Guenser0Martina Nohejlová1Elise Nardin2Bertrand Lefebvre3Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, ENSL, CNRS, LGL-TPE, F-69622, Villeurbanne, FranceCzech Geological Survey, Prague, 11821 Czech RepublicUMR 5563 Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, Toulouse, FranceCNRS/ENS-UMR 5276, Université Lyon 1, Campus de la Doua, 2, rue Raphaël Dubois, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, ENSL, CNRS, LGL-TPE, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France; Univ Lyon, Univ Lyon 1, ENSL, CNRS, LGL-TPE, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France The early Palaeozoic biodiversification is the most significant radiation of marine ecosystems of Earthâs history, starting with the appearance of invertebrate organisms near the PrecambrianâCambrian boundary and followed by a significant diversification during the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GOBE). The apparently sudden appearance of major phyla of metazoans during the earliest Cambrian (i.e., the âCambrian Explosionâ, c.a. 540 Ma) has been considered by many as corresponding to an âexplosiveâ process that took place during a very short time interval. Similarly, the GOBE has been considered as a short spectacular global event triggering a massive biodiversification during the early Middle Ordovician (c.a. 470 Ma). However, it appears that both âeventsâ have been more intensively studied in a few locations, creating multiple gaps, and thus a bias, in the biodiversity datasets. For example, the âFurongian gapâ (late Cambrian) is clearly an artefact in the Paleobiology Database (PBDB), which includes mostly data from North America and Western Europe. These geographic areas were more intensively sampled and recorded in the PBDB than others (e.g., China), separating the âCambrian Explosionâ and the GOBE artificially, whereas the Geobiology Database (GBDB), which is focused on data from eastern Asia, records a more gradual increase of the global diversity during the early Palaeozoic. These diversity curves are indeed not truly global but reflect patchy data from different palaeocontinental margins. Moreover, the evolution of global biodiversity is mostly estimated only in two dimensions (taxonomic richness versus time) and spatial distribution is rarely assessed. The organisms might have occupied the Earthâs surface heterogeneously because of constraints on their ecological niches, generating âdiversity hotspotsâ that were recorded in some databases and not in others. We want to test whether global âexplosionsâ of diversity ever occurred, or instead a single, but very complex, long-term evolutionary process took place over space and time, starting in the late Precambrian and lasting throughout most of the early Palaeozoic, with changing âdiversity hotspotsâ at different palaeogeographical locations. To do so, we use echinoderms as a model and we propose a protocol to (1) assess the validity of diversity curves based on data currently available online, and (2) analyse the spatio-temporal evolution of their diversity (i.e., generic richness) in the Cambrian and the Ordovician. We first compare echinoderms diversity curves between the PBDB, the GBDB and an original database built from a comprehensive synthesis of the literature, with a temporal resolution at the scale of the stratigraphic stage. Then, we gather the three datasets to build a synthetic database that includes a revised taxonomy. To avoid fake spatio-temporal diversity peaks and hotspots, we define comparable stratigraphic units in terms of temporal range and gather sampled sections that refer to the same locality (e.g., the Montagne Noire). We will present the comparison of the diversity curves between the three databases and the details of the whole methodological protocol.https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2023-130_20230608202224.pdfdiversitybiogeographycambrianordovicianstatistics |
| spellingShingle | Pauline Guenser Martina Nohejlová Elise Nardin Bertrand Lefebvre A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences diversity biogeography cambrian ordovician statistics |
| title | A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| title_full | A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| title_fullStr | A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| title_full_unstemmed | A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| title_short | A methodological scheme to analyse the early Palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| title_sort | methodological scheme to analyse the early palaeozoic biodiversification with the example of echinoderms |
| topic | diversity biogeography cambrian ordovician statistics |
| url | https://kirj.ee/wp-content/plugins/kirj/pub/earth-1-2023-130_20230608202224.pdf |
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