Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction
Abstract Catalysts are essential materials in biotechnology, medicine, industry, and chemistry. On the other hand, recycling and using waste materials is important in economic efficiency and green chemistry. Thus, biochar was prepared from the stem and roots of the Spear Thistle to recover waste. Af...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44292-3 |
| _version_ | 1797560222263279616 |
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| author | Pourya Mohammadi Majid M. Heravi Leila Mohammadi Asma Saljooqi |
| author_facet | Pourya Mohammadi Majid M. Heravi Leila Mohammadi Asma Saljooqi |
| author_sort | Pourya Mohammadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Catalysts are essential materials in biotechnology, medicine, industry, and chemistry. On the other hand, recycling and using waste materials is important in economic efficiency and green chemistry. Thus, biochar was prepared from the stem and roots of the Spear Thistle to recover waste. After magnetizing the biochar, its surface was modified with polyvinyl imidazole. Finally, this modified biochar was decorated with Pd nanoparticles and used as a selective and recyclable nanocatalyst in the hydrogenation of nitroarenes and the Sonogashira reaction. The structure of this organic–inorganic nanocatalyst has been characterized by FESEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, TEM, and VSM techniques. In the hydrogenation reaction with the amount of 30 mg of nanocatalyst, the temperature of 50 °C in the water solvent, the reaction efficiency reached 99% for 30 min. In addition, under optimal conditions for the Sonogashira reaction: 1.0 mmol iodobenzene, 1.2 mmol phenylacetylene, 20 mg MBC-PVIm/Pd, 2 mmol K2CO3 in H2O at 50 C for 15 min, the reaction efficiency reached 95%. The recyclability of magnetic nanocatalysts was investigated and recognized this nanocatalyst can be used several times without notable loss of its activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:57:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d6acb93314d14e729a084f843e5cc9bb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:57:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6acb93314d14e729a084f843e5cc9bb2023-11-20T09:10:36ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-10-0113111210.1038/s41598-023-44292-3Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reactionPourya Mohammadi0Majid M. Heravi1Leila Mohammadi2Asma Saljooqi3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of KermanAbstract Catalysts are essential materials in biotechnology, medicine, industry, and chemistry. On the other hand, recycling and using waste materials is important in economic efficiency and green chemistry. Thus, biochar was prepared from the stem and roots of the Spear Thistle to recover waste. After magnetizing the biochar, its surface was modified with polyvinyl imidazole. Finally, this modified biochar was decorated with Pd nanoparticles and used as a selective and recyclable nanocatalyst in the hydrogenation of nitroarenes and the Sonogashira reaction. The structure of this organic–inorganic nanocatalyst has been characterized by FESEM-EDS, XRD, FT-IR, TEM, and VSM techniques. In the hydrogenation reaction with the amount of 30 mg of nanocatalyst, the temperature of 50 °C in the water solvent, the reaction efficiency reached 99% for 30 min. In addition, under optimal conditions for the Sonogashira reaction: 1.0 mmol iodobenzene, 1.2 mmol phenylacetylene, 20 mg MBC-PVIm/Pd, 2 mmol K2CO3 in H2O at 50 C for 15 min, the reaction efficiency reached 95%. The recyclability of magnetic nanocatalysts was investigated and recognized this nanocatalyst can be used several times without notable loss of its activity.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44292-3 |
| spellingShingle | Pourya Mohammadi Majid M. Heravi Leila Mohammadi Asma Saljooqi Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction Scientific Reports |
| title | Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction |
| title_full | Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction |
| title_short | Preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and Sonogashira reaction |
| title_sort | preparation of magnetic biochar functionalized by polyvinyl imidazole and palladium nanoparticles for the catalysis of nitroarenes hydrogenation and sonogashira reaction |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-44292-3 |
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