Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System
<p>To make the poplar (<em>Populus deltoids</em>) based agroforestry systems economically more profitable, twelve winter flower annuals under three environmental conditions (open, under 3 and 4 year old poplar canopy) with four replications in split-split plot design were evaluated...
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Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya
2011-02-01
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| Series: | Tropical Agricultural Research |
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| Online Access: | https://tar.sljol.info/articles/2821 |
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| author | S Rani SK Chauhan R Kumar KK Dhatt |
| author_facet | S Rani SK Chauhan R Kumar KK Dhatt |
| author_sort | S Rani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>To make the poplar (<em>Populus deltoids</em>) based agroforestry systems economically more profitable, twelve winter flower annuals under three environmental conditions (open, under 3 and 4 year old poplar canopy) with four replications in split-split plot design were evaluated. Results of the study revealed that yield and other parameters of flowering annuals were low in crops that were in association with poplar than in open environmental condition. Among the crops studied, <em>Coreopsis tinctoria</em>, <em>Coreopsis lanceolata</em>, <em>Phlox drumondii</em> and <em>Gaillardia pulchelia</em> showed better performance than the other crops in both conditions. The poplar growth parameters such as tree height, diameter at breast height, crown spread, crown height and tree volume/fresh weight showed better performance under agroforestry plantation than without inter-cultivation. Benefit-cost ratio of growing flowers for seed production ranged from 1.15 to 5.31 under three year old poplar canopy and 1.68 to 5.51 in open environment. The corresponding values were 1.12 to 5.17 and 1.40 to 5.37 for four year old poplar canopy and open environment. In comparison to traditionally grown wheat crop, flower annuals were found profitable under poplar canopy as well as in open environment. <br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Benefit-cost ratio; Poplar seed production; Wheat; Winter flower annuals</p><p>DOI: 10.4038/tar.v22i2.2821<br /><em>Tropical Agricultural Research</em> Vol. 22 (2): 125 - 133 (2011)<br /><br /></p> |
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| series | Tropical Agricultural Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6b94093da774cdb8e5e3cda8a45c5752022-12-21T21:09:20ZengPostgraduate Institute of Agriculture, University of PeradeniyaTropical Agricultural Research1016-14222011-02-0122212513310.4038/tar.v22i2.28212383Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry SystemS Rani0SK Chauhan1R Kumar2KK Dhatt3Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Punjab Agricultural University LudhianaDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, LudhianaDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources Punjab Agricultural University LudhianaDepartment of Floriculture and Landscaping, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana<p>To make the poplar (<em>Populus deltoids</em>) based agroforestry systems economically more profitable, twelve winter flower annuals under three environmental conditions (open, under 3 and 4 year old poplar canopy) with four replications in split-split plot design were evaluated. Results of the study revealed that yield and other parameters of flowering annuals were low in crops that were in association with poplar than in open environmental condition. Among the crops studied, <em>Coreopsis tinctoria</em>, <em>Coreopsis lanceolata</em>, <em>Phlox drumondii</em> and <em>Gaillardia pulchelia</em> showed better performance than the other crops in both conditions. The poplar growth parameters such as tree height, diameter at breast height, crown spread, crown height and tree volume/fresh weight showed better performance under agroforestry plantation than without inter-cultivation. Benefit-cost ratio of growing flowers for seed production ranged from 1.15 to 5.31 under three year old poplar canopy and 1.68 to 5.51 in open environment. The corresponding values were 1.12 to 5.17 and 1.40 to 5.37 for four year old poplar canopy and open environment. In comparison to traditionally grown wheat crop, flower annuals were found profitable under poplar canopy as well as in open environment. <br /><br /><strong>Key words:</strong> Benefit-cost ratio; Poplar seed production; Wheat; Winter flower annuals</p><p>DOI: 10.4038/tar.v22i2.2821<br /><em>Tropical Agricultural Research</em> Vol. 22 (2): 125 - 133 (2011)<br /><br /></p>https://tar.sljol.info/articles/2821benefit-cost ratiopoplar seed productionwheatwinter flower annuals |
| spellingShingle | S Rani SK Chauhan R Kumar KK Dhatt Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System Tropical Agricultural Research benefit-cost ratio poplar seed production wheat winter flower annuals |
| title | Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System |
| title_full | Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System |
| title_fullStr | Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System |
| title_short | Bioeconomic Appraisal of Flowering Annuals for Seed Production under Poplar (<i>Populus deltoides</i>) Based Agroforestry System |
| title_sort | bioeconomic appraisal of flowering annuals for seed production under poplar i populus deltoides i based agroforestry system |
| topic | benefit-cost ratio poplar seed production wheat winter flower annuals |
| url | https://tar.sljol.info/articles/2821 |
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