Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit. Industrial processing of T. ferdinandiana fruits into puree generates seeds as a by-product, which are generally discarded. The aim of our present study was to process the seed to separate the kernel and determine its nutritional c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/7/4/60 |
| _version_ | 1819093320617426944 |
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| author | Saleha Akter Michael E. Netzel Mary T. Fletcher Ujang Tinggi Yasmina Sultanbawa |
| author_facet | Saleha Akter Michael E. Netzel Mary T. Fletcher Ujang Tinggi Yasmina Sultanbawa |
| author_sort | Saleha Akter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit. Industrial processing of T. ferdinandiana fruits into puree generates seeds as a by-product, which are generally discarded. The aim of our present study was to process the seed to separate the kernel and determine its nutritional composition. The proximate, mineral and fatty acid compositions were analysed in this study. Kernels are composed of 35% fat, while proteins account for 32% dry weight (DW). The energy content and fiber were 2065 KJ/100 g and 21.2% DW, respectively. Furthermore, the study showed that kernels were a very rich source of minerals and trace elements, such as potassium (6693 mg/kg), calcium (5385 mg/kg), iron (61 mg/kg) and zinc (60 mg/kg) DW, and had low levels of heavy metals. The fatty acid composition of the kernels consisted of omega-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid (50.2%), monounsaturated oleic acid (29.3%) and two saturated fatty acids namely palmitic acid (12.0%) and stearic acid (7.2%). The results indicate that T. ferdinandiana kernels have the potential to be utilized as a novel protein source for dietary purposes and non-conventional supply of linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:09:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d6cd903525bb43c6810304c026227cd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T23:09:39Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6cd903525bb43c6810304c026227cd22022-12-21T18:47:04ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582018-04-01746010.3390/foods7040060foods7040060Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition SourceSaleha Akter0Michael E. Netzel1Mary T. Fletcher2Ujang Tinggi3Yasmina Sultanbawa4Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, AustraliaQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, AustraliaQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, AustraliaQueensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 594, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, AustraliaQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd Coopers Plains, P.O. Box 156, Archerfield BC, QLD 4108, AustraliaTerminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit. Industrial processing of T. ferdinandiana fruits into puree generates seeds as a by-product, which are generally discarded. The aim of our present study was to process the seed to separate the kernel and determine its nutritional composition. The proximate, mineral and fatty acid compositions were analysed in this study. Kernels are composed of 35% fat, while proteins account for 32% dry weight (DW). The energy content and fiber were 2065 KJ/100 g and 21.2% DW, respectively. Furthermore, the study showed that kernels were a very rich source of minerals and trace elements, such as potassium (6693 mg/kg), calcium (5385 mg/kg), iron (61 mg/kg) and zinc (60 mg/kg) DW, and had low levels of heavy metals. The fatty acid composition of the kernels consisted of omega-6 fatty acid, linoleic acid (50.2%), monounsaturated oleic acid (29.3%) and two saturated fatty acids namely palmitic acid (12.0%) and stearic acid (7.2%). The results indicate that T. ferdinandiana kernels have the potential to be utilized as a novel protein source for dietary purposes and non-conventional supply of linoleic, palmitic and oleic acids.http://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/7/4/60Terminalia ferdinandianaKakadu plumnutritionfatty acidsproximatemineralskernels |
| spellingShingle | Saleha Akter Michael E. Netzel Mary T. Fletcher Ujang Tinggi Yasmina Sultanbawa Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source Foods Terminalia ferdinandiana Kakadu plum nutrition fatty acids proximate minerals kernels |
| title | Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source |
| title_full | Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source |
| title_fullStr | Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source |
| title_short | Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source |
| title_sort | chemical and nutritional composition of terminalia ferdinandiana kakadu plum kernels a novel nutrition source |
| topic | Terminalia ferdinandiana Kakadu plum nutrition fatty acids proximate minerals kernels |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/7/4/60 |
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