Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients
Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature inhomogeneities can exhibit remarkable thermocapillary (Marangoni) effects. The temperature dependence of the surface tension $\sigma (T)$ promotes flow in the film plane, convection roll patterns, and climbing of smectic layers against gravit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2019-01-01
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| Series: | New Journal of Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab2673 |
| _version_ | 1797750029881966592 |
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| author | Ralf Stannarius Torsten Trittel Christoph Klopp Alexey Eremin Kirsten Harth Noel A Clark Cheol S Park Joseph E Maclennan |
| author_facet | Ralf Stannarius Torsten Trittel Christoph Klopp Alexey Eremin Kirsten Harth Noel A Clark Cheol S Park Joseph E Maclennan |
| author_sort | Ralf Stannarius |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature inhomogeneities can exhibit remarkable thermocapillary (Marangoni) effects. The temperature dependence of the surface tension $\sigma (T)$ promotes flow in the film plane, convection roll patterns, and climbing of smectic layers against gravitational forces. We discuss several experimental geometries where macroscopic material transport is driven by temperature gradients, including experiments under normal gravity and observations in microgravitation during suborbital rocket flights and on the International Space Station. In all these experiments, the temperature dependence of the surface tension drives unidirectional material flow. The divergence of this flow near the hot and cold film edges, and at the boundaries of film islands in the film, is associated with the creation, motion and removal of dislocations. These dissipative processes limit the flow velocity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:26:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d6e4f64ecc2b485d9efbb5955fe4e587 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1367-2630 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T16:26:53Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | New Journal of Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d6e4f64ecc2b485d9efbb5955fe4e5872023-08-08T15:41:41ZengIOP PublishingNew Journal of Physics1367-26302019-01-0121606303310.1088/1367-2630/ab2673Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradientsRalf Stannarius0Torsten Trittel1Christoph Klopp2Alexey Eremin3Kirsten Harth4Noel A Clark5Cheol S Park6Joseph E Maclennan7Institute of Experimental Physics, Otto von Guericke University , D-39106 Magdeburg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Physics, Otto von Guericke University , D-39106 Magdeburg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Physics, Otto von Guericke University , D-39106 Magdeburg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Physics, Otto von Guericke University , D-39106 Magdeburg, GermanyInstitute of Experimental Physics, Otto von Guericke University , D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Universiteit Twente , Physics of Fluids and Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The NetherlandsSoft Materials Research Center, Physics Department, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, United States of AmericaSoft Materials Research Center, Physics Department, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, United States of AmericaSoft Materials Research Center, Physics Department, University of Colorado , Boulder, CO 80309, United States of AmericaFreely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature inhomogeneities can exhibit remarkable thermocapillary (Marangoni) effects. The temperature dependence of the surface tension $\sigma (T)$ promotes flow in the film plane, convection roll patterns, and climbing of smectic layers against gravitational forces. We discuss several experimental geometries where macroscopic material transport is driven by temperature gradients, including experiments under normal gravity and observations in microgravitation during suborbital rocket flights and on the International Space Station. In all these experiments, the temperature dependence of the surface tension drives unidirectional material flow. The divergence of this flow near the hot and cold film edges, and at the boundaries of film islands in the film, is associated with the creation, motion and removal of dislocations. These dissipative processes limit the flow velocity.https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab2673Marangoni flowfreely suspended thin fluid filmssmectic liquid crystalsmicrogravity |
| spellingShingle | Ralf Stannarius Torsten Trittel Christoph Klopp Alexey Eremin Kirsten Harth Noel A Clark Cheol S Park Joseph E Maclennan Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients New Journal of Physics Marangoni flow freely suspended thin fluid films smectic liquid crystals microgravity |
| title | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients |
| title_full | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients |
| title_fullStr | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients |
| title_short | Freely suspended smectic films with in-plane temperature gradients |
| title_sort | freely suspended smectic films with in plane temperature gradients |
| topic | Marangoni flow freely suspended thin fluid films smectic liquid crystals microgravity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab2673 |
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