Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon
Abstract Background Tsetse flies are vectors of human and animal African trypanosomiasis. In spite of many decades of chemotherapy and vector control, the disease has not been eradicated. Other methods like the transformation of tsetse fly symbionts to render the fly refractory to trypanosome infect...
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BMC
2018-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-018-1286-5 |
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| author | Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Flobert Njiokou Tito Trésor Melachio-Tanekou Oumarou Farikou Gustave Simo Anne Geiger |
| author_facet | Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Flobert Njiokou Tito Trésor Melachio-Tanekou Oumarou Farikou Gustave Simo Anne Geiger |
| author_sort | Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tsetse flies are vectors of human and animal African trypanosomiasis. In spite of many decades of chemotherapy and vector control, the disease has not been eradicated. Other methods like the transformation of tsetse fly symbionts to render the fly refractory to trypanosome infection are being evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between trypanosome infections and the presence of symbionts in these tsetse species. Tsetse flies were trapped in two villages of the “Faro and Déo” Division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon. In the field, tsetse fly species were identified and their infection by trypanosomes was checked by microscopy. In the laboratory, DNA was extracted from their midguts and the presence of symbionts (Sodalis glossinidius and Wolbachia sp.) and trypanosomes was checked by PCR. Symbionts/trypanosomes association tests were performed. Results Three tsetse fly species including Glossina tachinoides (90.1%), Glossina morsitans submorsitans (9.4%) and Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (0.5%) were caught. In all the population we obtained an occurrence rate of 37.2% for Sodalis glossinidius and 67.6% for Wolbachia irrespective to tsetse flies species. S. glossinidius and Wolbachia sp. occurrence rates were respectively 37 and 68% for G. tachinoides and 28.6 and 59.5% for G. m. submorsitans. Between Golde Bourle and Mayo Dagoum significant differences were observed in the prevalence of symbionts. Prevalence of trypanosomes were 34.8% for Glossina tachinoides and 40.5% for Glossina morsitans submorsitans. In G. tachinoides, the trypanosome infection rates were 11, 2.6 and 13.7%, respectively, for T. brucei s.l., T. congolense forest type and T. congolense savannah type. In G. m. submorsitans, these infection rates were 16.7, 9.5 and, 2.4% respectively, for T. brucei s.l., T. congolense forest type and T. congolense savannah type. Conclusions The rate of tsetse fly infection by trypanosomes was low compared to those obtained in HAT foci of south Cameroon, and this rate was not statistically linked to the rate of symbiont occurrence. This study allowed to show for the first time the presence of Wolbachia sp. in the tsetse fly sub-species Glossina morsitans submorsitans and Glossina tachinoides. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d6e530b92d3546d0930d1cea42a4fe2e2022-12-21T23:18:33ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802018-11-0118S1839110.1186/s12866-018-1286-5Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of CameroonGinette Irma Kame-Ngasse0Flobert Njiokou1Tito Trésor Melachio-Tanekou2Oumarou Farikou3Gustave Simo4Anne Geiger5Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1Ministry of livestock, Fisheries and Animal Industries, Special Mission for Tsetse Eradication (MSEG)Molecular Parasitology and Entomology Unit, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, University of DschangInstitut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-CIRAD, UMR 177Abstract Background Tsetse flies are vectors of human and animal African trypanosomiasis. In spite of many decades of chemotherapy and vector control, the disease has not been eradicated. Other methods like the transformation of tsetse fly symbionts to render the fly refractory to trypanosome infection are being evaluated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between trypanosome infections and the presence of symbionts in these tsetse species. Tsetse flies were trapped in two villages of the “Faro and Déo” Division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon. In the field, tsetse fly species were identified and their infection by trypanosomes was checked by microscopy. In the laboratory, DNA was extracted from their midguts and the presence of symbionts (Sodalis glossinidius and Wolbachia sp.) and trypanosomes was checked by PCR. Symbionts/trypanosomes association tests were performed. Results Three tsetse fly species including Glossina tachinoides (90.1%), Glossina morsitans submorsitans (9.4%) and Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (0.5%) were caught. In all the population we obtained an occurrence rate of 37.2% for Sodalis glossinidius and 67.6% for Wolbachia irrespective to tsetse flies species. S. glossinidius and Wolbachia sp. occurrence rates were respectively 37 and 68% for G. tachinoides and 28.6 and 59.5% for G. m. submorsitans. Between Golde Bourle and Mayo Dagoum significant differences were observed in the prevalence of symbionts. Prevalence of trypanosomes were 34.8% for Glossina tachinoides and 40.5% for Glossina morsitans submorsitans. In G. tachinoides, the trypanosome infection rates were 11, 2.6 and 13.7%, respectively, for T. brucei s.l., T. congolense forest type and T. congolense savannah type. In G. m. submorsitans, these infection rates were 16.7, 9.5 and, 2.4% respectively, for T. brucei s.l., T. congolense forest type and T. congolense savannah type. Conclusions The rate of tsetse fly infection by trypanosomes was low compared to those obtained in HAT foci of south Cameroon, and this rate was not statistically linked to the rate of symbiont occurrence. This study allowed to show for the first time the presence of Wolbachia sp. in the tsetse fly sub-species Glossina morsitans submorsitans and Glossina tachinoides.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-018-1286-5Animal African trypanosomiasisTrypanosoma spp.SymbiontsTsetse fliesTripartite interactions“Faro and Déo” division |
| spellingShingle | Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse Flobert Njiokou Tito Trésor Melachio-Tanekou Oumarou Farikou Gustave Simo Anne Geiger Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon BMC Microbiology Animal African trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma spp. Symbionts Tsetse flies Tripartite interactions “Faro and Déo” division |
| title | Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon |
| title_full | Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon |
| title_short | Prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the “Faro and Déo” division of the Adamawa region of Cameroon |
| title_sort | prevalence of symbionts and trypanosome infections in tsetse flies of two villages of the faro and deo division of the adamawa region of cameroon |
| topic | Animal African trypanosomiasis Trypanosoma spp. Symbionts Tsetse flies Tripartite interactions “Faro and Déo” division |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12866-018-1286-5 |
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