Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications
The purpose of this article is to examine the current literature regarding the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and environmental exposures. Specifically, the paper will focus on how this relationship between ACEs and physical environmental factors impacts the neurocognitive...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/3/259 |
| _version_ | 1797608798202888192 |
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| author | Margaret Gladieux Nathan Gimness Bianca Rodriguez Jianghong Liu |
| author_facet | Margaret Gladieux Nathan Gimness Bianca Rodriguez Jianghong Liu |
| author_sort | Margaret Gladieux |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this article is to examine the current literature regarding the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and environmental exposures. Specifically, the paper will focus on how this relationship between ACEs and physical environmental factors impacts the neurocognitive development of children. With a comprehensive literary search focusing on ACEs, inclusive of socioeconomic status (SES), and environmental toxins common in urban environments, the paper explores how these factors contribute to cognitive outcomes that are associated with the environment and childhood nurturing. The relationship between ACEs and environmental exposures reveals adverse outcomes in children’s neurocognitive development. These cognitive outcomes include learning disabilities, lowered IQ, memory and attention problems, and overall poor educational outcomes. Additionally, potential mechanisms of environmental exposures and children’s neurocognitive outcomes are explored, referencing data from animal studies and evidence from brain imaging studies. This study further analyzes the current gaps in the literature, such as the lack of data focusing on exposure to environmental toxicants resulting from experiencing ACEs and discusses the research and social policy implications of ACEs and environmental exposure in the neurocognitive development of children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:49:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d707d84dbff6499fa12306230ba571f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:49:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d707d84dbff6499fa12306230ba571f82023-11-17T14:13:21ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-03-0111325910.3390/toxics11030259Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and ImplicationsMargaret Gladieux0Nathan Gimness1Bianca Rodriguez2Jianghong Liu3Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USADepartment of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAThe purpose of this article is to examine the current literature regarding the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and environmental exposures. Specifically, the paper will focus on how this relationship between ACEs and physical environmental factors impacts the neurocognitive development of children. With a comprehensive literary search focusing on ACEs, inclusive of socioeconomic status (SES), and environmental toxins common in urban environments, the paper explores how these factors contribute to cognitive outcomes that are associated with the environment and childhood nurturing. The relationship between ACEs and environmental exposures reveals adverse outcomes in children’s neurocognitive development. These cognitive outcomes include learning disabilities, lowered IQ, memory and attention problems, and overall poor educational outcomes. Additionally, potential mechanisms of environmental exposures and children’s neurocognitive outcomes are explored, referencing data from animal studies and evidence from brain imaging studies. This study further analyzes the current gaps in the literature, such as the lack of data focusing on exposure to environmental toxicants resulting from experiencing ACEs and discusses the research and social policy implications of ACEs and environmental exposure in the neurocognitive development of children.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/3/259adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)neurocognitionsocioeconomic status (SES)environmental exposuretoxicants |
| spellingShingle | Margaret Gladieux Nathan Gimness Bianca Rodriguez Jianghong Liu Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications Toxics adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) neurocognition socioeconomic status (SES) environmental exposure toxicants |
| title | Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications |
| title_full | Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications |
| title_fullStr | Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications |
| title_short | Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Environmental Exposures on Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children: Empirical Evidence, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications |
| title_sort | adverse childhood experiences aces and environmental exposures on neurocognitive outcomes in children empirical evidence potential mechanisms and implications |
| topic | adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) neurocognition socioeconomic status (SES) environmental exposure toxicants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/3/259 |
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