Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho
<h4>Objectives</h4> To assess the real-world diagnostic performance of nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs for SD Biosensor STANDARD Q COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (Ag-RDT). <h4>Methods</h4> Individuals ≥5 years with COVID-19 compatible symptoms or history of exposure to...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9980827/?tool=EBI |
| _version_ | 1811159929432571904 |
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| author | Niklaus D. Labhardt Lucia González Fernández Bulemba Katende Josephine Muhairwe Moniek Bresser Alain Amstutz Tracy R. Glass Morten Ruhwald Jilian A. Sacks Camille Escadafal Mathabo Mareka Sekhele M. Mooko Margaretha de Vos Klaus Reither |
| author_facet | Niklaus D. Labhardt Lucia González Fernández Bulemba Katende Josephine Muhairwe Moniek Bresser Alain Amstutz Tracy R. Glass Morten Ruhwald Jilian A. Sacks Camille Escadafal Mathabo Mareka Sekhele M. Mooko Margaretha de Vos Klaus Reither |
| author_sort | Niklaus D. Labhardt |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Objectives</h4> To assess the real-world diagnostic performance of nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs for SD Biosensor STANDARD Q COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (Ag-RDT). <h4>Methods</h4> Individuals ≥5 years with COVID-19 compatible symptoms or history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 presenting at hospitals in Lesotho received two nasopharyngeal and one nasal swab. Ag-RDT from nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs were performed as point-of-care on site, the second nasopharyngeal swab used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the reference standard. <h4>Results</h4> Out of 2198 participants enrolled, 2131 had a valid PCR result (61% female, median age 41 years, 8% children), 84.5% were symptomatic. Overall PCR positivity rate was 5.8%. The sensitivity for nasopharyngeal, nasal, and combined nasal and nasopharyngeal Ag-RDT result was 70.2% (95%CI: 61.3–78.0), 67.3% (57.3–76.3) and 74.4% (65.5–82.0), respectively. The respective specificity was 97.9% (97.1–98.4), 97.9% (97.2–98.5) and 97.5% (96.7–98.2). For both sampling modalities, sensitivity was higher in participants with symptom duration ≤ 3days versus ≤ 7days. Agreement between nasal and nasopharyngeal Ag-RDT was 99.4%. <h4>Conclusions</h4> The STANDARD Q Ag-RDT showed high specificity. Sensitivity was, however, below the WHO recommended minimum requirement of ≥ 80%. The high agreement between nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling suggests that for Ag-RDT nasal sampling is a good alternative to nasopharyngeal sampling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:49:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d70ed45cac254922a0f093a738b0b6e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:49:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-d70ed45cac254922a0f093a738b0b6e62023-03-05T05:31:29ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032023-01-01183Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in LesothoNiklaus D. LabhardtLucia González FernándezBulemba KatendeJosephine MuhairweMoniek BresserAlain AmstutzTracy R. GlassMorten RuhwaldJilian A. SacksCamille EscadafalMathabo MarekaSekhele M. MookoMargaretha de VosKlaus Reither<h4>Objectives</h4> To assess the real-world diagnostic performance of nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs for SD Biosensor STANDARD Q COVID-19 Antigen Rapid Diagnostic Test (Ag-RDT). <h4>Methods</h4> Individuals ≥5 years with COVID-19 compatible symptoms or history of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 presenting at hospitals in Lesotho received two nasopharyngeal and one nasal swab. Ag-RDT from nasal and nasopharyngeal swabs were performed as point-of-care on site, the second nasopharyngeal swab used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the reference standard. <h4>Results</h4> Out of 2198 participants enrolled, 2131 had a valid PCR result (61% female, median age 41 years, 8% children), 84.5% were symptomatic. Overall PCR positivity rate was 5.8%. The sensitivity for nasopharyngeal, nasal, and combined nasal and nasopharyngeal Ag-RDT result was 70.2% (95%CI: 61.3–78.0), 67.3% (57.3–76.3) and 74.4% (65.5–82.0), respectively. The respective specificity was 97.9% (97.1–98.4), 97.9% (97.2–98.5) and 97.5% (96.7–98.2). For both sampling modalities, sensitivity was higher in participants with symptom duration ≤ 3days versus ≤ 7days. Agreement between nasal and nasopharyngeal Ag-RDT was 99.4%. <h4>Conclusions</h4> The STANDARD Q Ag-RDT showed high specificity. Sensitivity was, however, below the WHO recommended minimum requirement of ≥ 80%. The high agreement between nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling suggests that for Ag-RDT nasal sampling is a good alternative to nasopharyngeal sampling.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9980827/?tool=EBI |
| spellingShingle | Niklaus D. Labhardt Lucia González Fernández Bulemba Katende Josephine Muhairwe Moniek Bresser Alain Amstutz Tracy R. Glass Morten Ruhwald Jilian A. Sacks Camille Escadafal Mathabo Mareka Sekhele M. Mooko Margaretha de Vos Klaus Reither Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho PLoS ONE |
| title | Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho |
| title_full | Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho |
| title_fullStr | Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho |
| title_full_unstemmed | Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho |
| title_short | Head-to-head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing in Lesotho |
| title_sort | head to head comparison of nasal and nasopharyngeal sampling using sars cov 2 rapid antigen testing in lesotho |
| url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9980827/?tool=EBI |
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