IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an alarm signal that is released upon tissue or cellular injury. IL-33 plays a central role in the initiation an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/107 |
| _version_ | 1797499329349419008 |
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| author | Corinne Cayrol |
| author_facet | Corinne Cayrol |
| author_sort | Corinne Cayrol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an alarm signal that is released upon tissue or cellular injury. IL-33 plays a central role in the initiation and amplification of type 2 innate immune responses and allergic inflammation by activating various target cells expressing its ST2 receptor, including mast cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Depending on the tissue environment, IL-33 plays a wide variety of roles in parasitic and viral host defense, tissue repair and homeostasis. IL-33 has evolved a variety of sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to control its activity, including nuclear sequestration and proteolytic processing. It is involved in many diseases, including allergic, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of severe asthma. In this review, I will summarize the literature around this fascinating pleiotropic cytokine. In the first part, I will describe the basics of IL-33, from the discovery of interleukin-33 to its function, including its expression, release and signaling pathway. The second part will be devoted to the regulation of IL-33 protein leading to its activation or inactivation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7115f599a7b4eb38f73eef79324afba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:46:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7115f599a7b4eb38f73eef79324afba2023-11-23T11:20:18ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-12-0111110710.3390/cells11010107IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its ActivityCorinne Cayrol0Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, FranceInterleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an alarm signal that is released upon tissue or cellular injury. IL-33 plays a central role in the initiation and amplification of type 2 innate immune responses and allergic inflammation by activating various target cells expressing its ST2 receptor, including mast cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Depending on the tissue environment, IL-33 plays a wide variety of roles in parasitic and viral host defense, tissue repair and homeostasis. IL-33 has evolved a variety of sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to control its activity, including nuclear sequestration and proteolytic processing. It is involved in many diseases, including allergic, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of severe asthma. In this review, I will summarize the literature around this fascinating pleiotropic cytokine. In the first part, I will describe the basics of IL-33, from the discovery of interleukin-33 to its function, including its expression, release and signaling pathway. The second part will be devoted to the regulation of IL-33 protein leading to its activation or inactivation.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/107IL-33alarminproteaseallergytype-2 immunitytype-1 immunity |
| spellingShingle | Corinne Cayrol IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity Cells IL-33 alarmin protease allergy type-2 immunity type-1 immunity |
| title | IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity |
| title_full | IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity |
| title_fullStr | IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity |
| title_short | IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity |
| title_sort | il 33 an alarmin of the il 1 family involved in allergic and non allergic inflammation focus on the mechanisms of regulation of its activity |
| topic | IL-33 alarmin protease allergy type-2 immunity type-1 immunity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/11/1/107 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT corinnecayrol il33analarminoftheil1familyinvolvedinallergicandnonallergicinflammationfocusonthemechanismsofregulationofitsactivity |