E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review
Abstract Background E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) is a disease entity related to the use of battery-operated or superheating devices that create an aerosolized form of nicotine and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or other substances for inhalation. Methods We perf...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Pneumonia |
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| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-020-00075-2 |
| _version_ | 1828779083617533952 |
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| author | Samuel H. Belok Raj Parikh John Bernardo Hasmeena Kathuria |
| author_facet | Samuel H. Belok Raj Parikh John Bernardo Hasmeena Kathuria |
| author_sort | Samuel H. Belok |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) is a disease entity related to the use of battery-operated or superheating devices that create an aerosolized form of nicotine and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or other substances for inhalation. Methods We performed a literature review to document epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors, diagnosis, clinical presentation, evaluation and management of EVALI. Results In the summer of 2019, an outbreak of EVALI cases brought this disease entity into the national spotlight. Since being recognized as a serious pulmonary disease with public health implications, more than 2600 cases have been reported to CDC with 68 deaths as of February 2020. The pathophysiology of EVALI remains unknown. Substances such as Vitamin E acetate have been implicated as a possible causes of lung injury. The CDC has established case definitions of “confirmed EVALI” cases to help guide identification of the disease and assist in surveillance. While clinical judgement by healthcare providers is imperative in the identification of EVALI cases, the heterogeneous presentations of EVALI make this difficult as well. Ultimately most investigative studies should be aimed at ruling out other disease processes that can present similarly. Treatment is centered around removing the offending substance and providing supportive care. Conclusions EVALI is a serious pulmonary disease with public health implications. Diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion to diagnose and exclusion of other possible causes of lung disease. It may be beneficial to involve a pulmonary specialist early in the management of this disease which is generally supportive care. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:56:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d718074a991943e6bf1f977df976ce1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2200-6133 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T16:56:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pneumonia |
| spelling | doaj.art-d718074a991943e6bf1f977df976ce1b2022-12-22T00:57:58ZengBMCPneumonia2200-61332020-10-011211810.1186/s41479-020-00075-2E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a reviewSamuel H. Belok0Raj Parikh1John Bernardo2Hasmeena Kathuria3Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineSection of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Boston University School of MedicineAbstract Background E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) is a disease entity related to the use of battery-operated or superheating devices that create an aerosolized form of nicotine and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and/or other substances for inhalation. Methods We performed a literature review to document epidemiology, pathogenesis and risk factors, diagnosis, clinical presentation, evaluation and management of EVALI. Results In the summer of 2019, an outbreak of EVALI cases brought this disease entity into the national spotlight. Since being recognized as a serious pulmonary disease with public health implications, more than 2600 cases have been reported to CDC with 68 deaths as of February 2020. The pathophysiology of EVALI remains unknown. Substances such as Vitamin E acetate have been implicated as a possible causes of lung injury. The CDC has established case definitions of “confirmed EVALI” cases to help guide identification of the disease and assist in surveillance. While clinical judgement by healthcare providers is imperative in the identification of EVALI cases, the heterogeneous presentations of EVALI make this difficult as well. Ultimately most investigative studies should be aimed at ruling out other disease processes that can present similarly. Treatment is centered around removing the offending substance and providing supportive care. Conclusions EVALI is a serious pulmonary disease with public health implications. Diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion to diagnose and exclusion of other possible causes of lung disease. It may be beneficial to involve a pulmonary specialist early in the management of this disease which is generally supportive care.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-020-00075-2EVALIVapingInhalational injuryE-cigarettes |
| spellingShingle | Samuel H. Belok Raj Parikh John Bernardo Hasmeena Kathuria E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review Pneumonia EVALI Vaping Inhalational injury E-cigarettes |
| title | E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review |
| title_full | E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review |
| title_fullStr | E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review |
| title_short | E-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury: a review |
| title_sort | e cigarette or vaping product use associated lung injury a review |
| topic | EVALI Vaping Inhalational injury E-cigarettes |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41479-020-00075-2 |
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