Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Objective: To assess whether supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy reduces the risk of developing asthma or atopic disease during childhood. Methods: Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scop...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Swedish Nutrition Foundation
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Food & Nutrition Research |
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| Online Access: | https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/8842/14915 |
| _version_ | 1811324522190602240 |
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| author | Linnea Bärebring Bright I. Nwaru Christel Lamberg-Allardt Birna Thorisdottir Alfons Ramel Fredrik Söderlund Erik Kristoffer Arnesen Jutta Dierkes Agneta Åkesson |
| author_facet | Linnea Bärebring Bright I. Nwaru Christel Lamberg-Allardt Birna Thorisdottir Alfons Ramel Fredrik Söderlund Erik Kristoffer Arnesen Jutta Dierkes Agneta Åkesson |
| author_sort | Linnea Bärebring |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To assess whether supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy reduces the risk of developing asthma or atopic disease during childhood. Methods: Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 2021-09-20, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of supplemental long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy for the prevention of childhood asthma or allergy. Article selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2.0) were independently conducted by two assessors. The evidence was synthesized qualitatively according to the criteria of the World Cancer Research Fund and meta-analyzed. Results: A total of nine RCTs met inclusion criteria; six were conducted during pregnancy, two during infancy, and one during both pregnancy and infancy. Meta-analysis showed that long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of asthma/wheeze in the child (RR 0.62 [95% confidence interval 0.34–0.91], P = 0.005, I2 = 67.4%), but not other outcomes. Supplementation during lactation of infancy showed no effects on any outcome. The strength of evidence that long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy reduces risk of asthma/wheeze in the offspring was considered limited – suggestive. No conclusion could be made for the effects of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy for other atopic diseases, or for supplementation during lactation or infancy for any outcome. Conclusion: The intake of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplements during pregnancy may reduce the risk of asthma and/or wheeze in the offspring, but the strength of evidence is low. There is inconclusive evidence for the effects of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplements during pregnancy for other outcomes, as well as for supplementation during lactation or infancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:15:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d71eed58c05d4969b5046a84bba0565e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1654-661X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T14:15:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Swedish Nutrition Foundation |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food & Nutrition Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d71eed58c05d4969b5046a84bba0565e2022-12-22T02:43:39ZengSwedish Nutrition FoundationFood & Nutrition Research1654-661X2022-10-016611310.29219/fnr.v66.88428842Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trialsLinnea Bärebring0Bright I. Nwaru1Christel Lamberg-Allardt2Birna Thorisdottir3Alfons Ramel4Fredrik Söderlund5Erik Kristoffer Arnesen6Jutta Dierkes7Agneta Åkesson8Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenKrefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Food and Nutrition, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandFaculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, Health Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, IcelandFaculty of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, IcelandUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, the Karolinska Institute, Solna, SwedenDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayCentre for Nutrition, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, NorwayUnit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, the Karolinska Institute, Solna, SwedenObjective: To assess whether supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy reduces the risk of developing asthma or atopic disease during childhood. Methods: Searches were performed in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Scopus up to 2021-09-20, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effect of supplemental long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy for the prevention of childhood asthma or allergy. Article selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment (Cochrane’s Risk of Bias 2.0) were independently conducted by two assessors. The evidence was synthesized qualitatively according to the criteria of the World Cancer Research Fund and meta-analyzed. Results: A total of nine RCTs met inclusion criteria; six were conducted during pregnancy, two during infancy, and one during both pregnancy and infancy. Meta-analysis showed that long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy significantly reduced the risk of asthma/wheeze in the child (RR 0.62 [95% confidence interval 0.34–0.91], P = 0.005, I2 = 67.4%), but not other outcomes. Supplementation during lactation of infancy showed no effects on any outcome. The strength of evidence that long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy reduces risk of asthma/wheeze in the offspring was considered limited – suggestive. No conclusion could be made for the effects of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplementation during pregnancy for other atopic diseases, or for supplementation during lactation or infancy for any outcome. Conclusion: The intake of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplements during pregnancy may reduce the risk of asthma and/or wheeze in the offspring, but the strength of evidence is low. There is inconclusive evidence for the effects of long chain n-3 fatty acid supplements during pregnancy for other outcomes, as well as for supplementation during lactation or infancy.https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/8842/14915asthmaatopynutritionfatty acidsomega 3 |
| spellingShingle | Linnea Bärebring Bright I. Nwaru Christel Lamberg-Allardt Birna Thorisdottir Alfons Ramel Fredrik Söderlund Erik Kristoffer Arnesen Jutta Dierkes Agneta Åkesson Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials Food & Nutrition Research asthma atopy nutrition fatty acids omega 3 |
| title | Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| title_full | Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| title_fullStr | Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| title_short | Supplementation with long chain n-3 fatty acids during pregnancy, lactation, or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| title_sort | supplementation with long chain n 3 fatty acids during pregnancy lactation or infancy in relation to risk of asthma and atopic disease during childhood a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials |
| topic | asthma atopy nutrition fatty acids omega 3 |
| url | https://foodandnutritionresearch.net/index.php/fnr/article/view/8842/14915 |
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