Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels
Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) training is typically intense and causes fatigue and alterations in the immune system. Objective: To analyze whether IBU would affect performance and the immune system after training in PP. Methodology: 10 athletes at the national level (NL) and 10 at the reg...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1331 |
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| author | Felipe J. Aidar Guacira S. Fraga Márcio Getirana-Mota Anderson Carlos Marçal Jymmys L. Santos Raphael Fabricio de Souza Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza Alexandre Reis Pires Ferreira Dihogo Gama de Matos Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Nuno Domingos Garrido Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana Beat Knechtle Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz Hadi Nobari Ana Filipa Silva Filipe Manuel Clemente Georgian Badicu |
| author_facet | Felipe J. Aidar Guacira S. Fraga Márcio Getirana-Mota Anderson Carlos Marçal Jymmys L. Santos Raphael Fabricio de Souza Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza Alexandre Reis Pires Ferreira Dihogo Gama de Matos Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Nuno Domingos Garrido Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana Beat Knechtle Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz Hadi Nobari Ana Filipa Silva Filipe Manuel Clemente Georgian Badicu |
| author_sort | Felipe J. Aidar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) training is typically intense and causes fatigue and alterations in the immune system. Objective: To analyze whether IBU would affect performance and the immune system after training in PP. Methodology: 10 athletes at the national level (NL) and 10 at the regional level (RL) participated in the study, where force and blood indicators were evaluated after training. The study took place over three weeks: (1) familiarization and (2 and 3) comparison between recovery methods, with ibuprofen or placebo (IBU vs. PLA), 800 mg. In the evaluation of the force, the peak torque (PT), fatigue index (FI), and blood immune system biomarkers were analyzed. The training consisted of five sets of five repetitions with 80% of one maximum repetition (5 × 5, 80% 1RM) on the bench press. Results: The PT at the national level using IBU was higher than with PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.007, η2p = 0.347), and the FI in the NL was lower with IBU than with PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.002, η2p = 0.635), and when comparing the use of IBU, the NL showed less fatigue than the regional level (<i>p</i> = 0.004, η2p = 0.414). Leukocytes, with the use of IBU in the NL group, were greater than in the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.001, η2p = 0.329). Neutrophils, in the NL with IBU, were greater than in the RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.025, η2p = 0.444). Lymphocytes, in NL with IBU were lower than in RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.001, η2p = 0.491). Monocytes, in the NL with IBU and PLA, were lower than in the RL with IBU (<i>p</i> = 0.049, η2p = 0.344). For hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte, the NL with IBU and PLA were higher than the RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Ammonia, with the use of IBU in the NL, obtained values higher than in the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and with the use of PLA, the NL was higher than the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.038, η2p = 0.570). Conclusion: The training level tends to influence the immune system and, combined with the use of the IBU, it tends to improve recovery and the immune system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d733bb9fbbcd4d3b878ccd97535f18da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:22:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d733bb9fbbcd4d3b878ccd97535f18da2023-12-03T15:07:50ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322022-07-01107133110.3390/healthcare10071331Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport LevelsFelipe J. Aidar0Guacira S. Fraga1Márcio Getirana-Mota2Anderson Carlos Marçal3Jymmys L. Santos4Raphael Fabricio de Souza5Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza6Alexandre Reis Pires Ferreira7Dihogo Gama de Matos8Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto9Nuno Domingos Garrido10Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana11Beat Knechtle12Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral13Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz14Hadi Nobari15Ana Filipa Silva16Filipe Manuel Clemente17Georgian Badicu18Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilGraduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristovão 49100-000, BrazilCollege of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília 70910-900, BrazilCardiovascular & Physiology of Exercise Laboratory, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, CanadaDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, BrazilResearch Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, PortugalSports Department, Physical Activity and Sports Faculty-INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, SpainInstitute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59064-741, BrazilPhysiology and Biochemistry Department, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, IranEscola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, PortugalEscola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, PortugalDepartment of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, RomaniaBackground: Paralympic powerlifting (PP) training is typically intense and causes fatigue and alterations in the immune system. Objective: To analyze whether IBU would affect performance and the immune system after training in PP. Methodology: 10 athletes at the national level (NL) and 10 at the regional level (RL) participated in the study, where force and blood indicators were evaluated after training. The study took place over three weeks: (1) familiarization and (2 and 3) comparison between recovery methods, with ibuprofen or placebo (IBU vs. PLA), 800 mg. In the evaluation of the force, the peak torque (PT), fatigue index (FI), and blood immune system biomarkers were analyzed. The training consisted of five sets of five repetitions with 80% of one maximum repetition (5 × 5, 80% 1RM) on the bench press. Results: The PT at the national level using IBU was higher than with PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.007, η2p = 0.347), and the FI in the NL was lower with IBU than with PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.002, η2p = 0.635), and when comparing the use of IBU, the NL showed less fatigue than the regional level (<i>p</i> = 0.004, η2p = 0.414). Leukocytes, with the use of IBU in the NL group, were greater than in the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.001, η2p = 0.329). Neutrophils, in the NL with IBU, were greater than in the RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.025, η2p = 0.444). Lymphocytes, in NL with IBU were lower than in RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.001, η2p = 0.491). Monocytes, in the NL with IBU and PLA, were lower than in the RL with IBU (<i>p</i> = 0.049, η2p = 0.344). For hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythrocyte, the NL with IBU and PLA were higher than the RL with IBU and PLA (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Ammonia, with the use of IBU in the NL, obtained values higher than in the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.007), and with the use of PLA, the NL was higher than the RL (<i>p</i> = 0.038, η2p = 0.570). Conclusion: The training level tends to influence the immune system and, combined with the use of the IBU, it tends to improve recovery and the immune system.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1331muscle strengthibuprofenparalympic powerliftingimmune systemrecovery of function |
| spellingShingle | Felipe J. Aidar Guacira S. Fraga Márcio Getirana-Mota Anderson Carlos Marçal Jymmys L. Santos Raphael Fabricio de Souza Lucio Marques Vieira-Souza Alexandre Reis Pires Ferreira Dihogo Gama de Matos Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto Nuno Domingos Garrido Alfonso López Díaz-de-Durana Beat Knechtle Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco Cabral Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz Hadi Nobari Ana Filipa Silva Filipe Manuel Clemente Georgian Badicu Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels Healthcare muscle strength ibuprofen paralympic powerlifting immune system recovery of function |
| title | Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels |
| title_full | Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels |
| title_short | Evaluation of Ibuprofen Use on the Immune System Indicators and Force in Disabled Paralympic Powerlifters of Different Sport Levels |
| title_sort | evaluation of ibuprofen use on the immune system indicators and force in disabled paralympic powerlifters of different sport levels |
| topic | muscle strength ibuprofen paralympic powerlifting immune system recovery of function |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/10/7/1331 |
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