People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study
ObjectiveThis study aimed to study the relationship between auto-antibodies against apolipoprotein A1 (anti-apoA1 IgG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART), and the tryptophan pathways in HIV-related cardiovascular disease.DesignThis case–control study conduct...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343361/full |
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| author | Miguel A. Frias Miguel A. Frias Sabrina Pagano Sabrina Pagano Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Jonathan Sidibé Festus Kamau Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Peter Hudson Aurélien Thomas Aurélien Thomas Sandrine Lecour Hans Strijdom Nicolas Vuilleumier Nicolas Vuilleumier |
| author_facet | Miguel A. Frias Miguel A. Frias Sabrina Pagano Sabrina Pagano Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Jonathan Sidibé Festus Kamau Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Peter Hudson Aurélien Thomas Aurélien Thomas Sandrine Lecour Hans Strijdom Nicolas Vuilleumier Nicolas Vuilleumier |
| author_sort | Miguel A. Frias |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThis study aimed to study the relationship between auto-antibodies against apolipoprotein A1 (anti-apoA1 IgG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART), and the tryptophan pathways in HIV-related cardiovascular disease.DesignThis case–control study conducted in South Africa consisted of control volunteers (n = 50), people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART (n = 50), and untreated PLWH (n = 44). Cardiovascular risk scores were determined, vascular measures were performed, and an extensive biochemical characterisation (routine, metabolomic, and inflammatory systemic profiles) was performed.MethodsAnti-apoA1 IgG levels were assessed by an in-house ELISA. Inflammatory biomarkers were measured with the Meso Scale Discovery® platform, and kynurenine pathway metabolites were assessed using targeted metabolomic profiling conducted by liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry (LC-MRM/MS).ResultsCardiovascular risk scores and vascular measures exhibited similarities across the three groups, while important differences were observed in systemic inflammatory and tryptophan pathways. Anti-apoA1 IgG seropositivity rates were 15%, 40%, and 70% in control volunteers, PLWH ART-treated, and PLWH ART-naïve, respectively. Circulating anti-apoA1 IgG levels were significantly negatively associated with CD4+ cell counts and positively associated with viremia and pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IFNγ, TNFα, MIPα, ICAM-1, VCAM-1). While circulating anti-apoA1 IgG levels were associated with increased levels of kynurenine in both control volunteers and PLWH, the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio was significantly increased in PLWH ART-treated.ConclusionHIV infection increases the humoral response against apoA1, which is associated with established HIV severity criteria and kynurenine pathway activation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:12:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d73a6f4f21e04005984e01e4f50fe5ff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-055X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:12:11Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d73a6f4f21e04005984e01e4f50fe5ff2024-02-13T04:33:20ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2024-02-011110.3389/fcvm.2024.13433611343361People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control studyMiguel A. Frias0Miguel A. Frias1Sabrina Pagano2Sabrina Pagano3Nasim Bararpour4Nasim Bararpour5Nasim Bararpour6Jonathan Sidibé7Festus Kamau8Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre9Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre10Peter Hudson11Aurélien Thomas12Aurélien Thomas13Sandrine Lecour14Hans Strijdom15Nicolas Vuilleumier16Nicolas Vuilleumier17Division of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandDivision of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandFaculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesStanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford, CA, United StatesFaculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandCentre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandCape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaFaculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandUnit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne and Geneva University Hospitals, Lausanne, Geneva, SwitzerlandCape Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaCentre for Cardiometabolic Research in Africa, Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaDivision of Laboratory Medicine, Diagnostic Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, SwitzerlandDepartment of Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, SwitzerlandObjectiveThis study aimed to study the relationship between auto-antibodies against apolipoprotein A1 (anti-apoA1 IgG), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, anti-retroviral therapy (ART), and the tryptophan pathways in HIV-related cardiovascular disease.DesignThis case–control study conducted in South Africa consisted of control volunteers (n = 50), people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART (n = 50), and untreated PLWH (n = 44). Cardiovascular risk scores were determined, vascular measures were performed, and an extensive biochemical characterisation (routine, metabolomic, and inflammatory systemic profiles) was performed.MethodsAnti-apoA1 IgG levels were assessed by an in-house ELISA. Inflammatory biomarkers were measured with the Meso Scale Discovery® platform, and kynurenine pathway metabolites were assessed using targeted metabolomic profiling conducted by liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring/mass spectrometry (LC-MRM/MS).ResultsCardiovascular risk scores and vascular measures exhibited similarities across the three groups, while important differences were observed in systemic inflammatory and tryptophan pathways. Anti-apoA1 IgG seropositivity rates were 15%, 40%, and 70% in control volunteers, PLWH ART-treated, and PLWH ART-naïve, respectively. Circulating anti-apoA1 IgG levels were significantly negatively associated with CD4+ cell counts and positively associated with viremia and pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IFNγ, TNFα, MIPα, ICAM-1, VCAM-1). While circulating anti-apoA1 IgG levels were associated with increased levels of kynurenine in both control volunteers and PLWH, the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio was significantly increased in PLWH ART-treated.ConclusionHIV infection increases the humoral response against apoA1, which is associated with established HIV severity criteria and kynurenine pathway activation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343361/fullHIVanti-retroviral therapyautoimmunityanti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodiescardiovascular diseasekynurenine pathway metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Miguel A. Frias Miguel A. Frias Sabrina Pagano Sabrina Pagano Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Nasim Bararpour Jonathan Sidibé Festus Kamau Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Vanessa Fétaud-Lapierre Peter Hudson Aurélien Thomas Aurélien Thomas Sandrine Lecour Hans Strijdom Nicolas Vuilleumier Nicolas Vuilleumier People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine HIV anti-retroviral therapy autoimmunity anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies cardiovascular disease kynurenine pathway metabolites |
| title | People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study |
| title_full | People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study |
| title_fullStr | People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study |
| title_full_unstemmed | People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study |
| title_short | People living with HIV display increased anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies, inflammation, and kynurenine metabolites: a case–control study |
| title_sort | people living with hiv display increased anti apolipoprotein a1 auto antibodies inflammation and kynurenine metabolites a case control study |
| topic | HIV anti-retroviral therapy autoimmunity anti-apolipoprotein A1 auto-antibodies cardiovascular disease kynurenine pathway metabolites |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1343361/full |
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