Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay
The development of network functionalities in the urban environment is accompanied by the emergence of new publicly available data sources. They are the basis of the introduced research architecture and environment which are used to investigate the new multicast algorithms proposed in this paper. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/510 |
| _version_ | 1797318897968349184 |
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| author | Bartosz Musznicki Piotr Zwierzykowski |
| author_facet | Bartosz Musznicki Piotr Zwierzykowski |
| author_sort | Bartosz Musznicki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The development of network functionalities in the urban environment is accompanied by the emergence of new publicly available data sources. They are the basis of the introduced research architecture and environment which are used to investigate the new multicast algorithms proposed in this paper. These message-oriented algorithms are primarily intended to meet the needs of opportunistic routing in heterogeneous urban sensor networks. Although, due to their generalized and protocol-agnostic design, they can be of use in other network applications and research areas. Uncontrolled mobile relay devices are the key elements of the presented delay-tolerant multicast framework. Multicast structures are modeled in four Polish cities based on open data on the location of public transportation vehicles and elements of urban infrastructure. Over 16,000 graphs were built and analyzed. It has been shown that the use of uncontrolled mobile relay enables the construction of time-spanning time-changing multicast structures. Their features are determined by the topology of a given city area, the distribution of destination nodes, as well as the number and the routes of mobile relay nodes. The efficacy and efficiency of the algorithms depend on the radio range of the nodes, maximum time span of forwarded messages, and network structure knowledge availability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:59:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d75f796b57144093b4e9d3937beaf355 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:59:04Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d75f796b57144093b4e9d3937beaf3552024-02-09T15:10:27ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922024-01-0113351010.3390/electronics13030510Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile RelayBartosz Musznicki0Piotr Zwierzykowski1Institute of Computer and Communication Networks, Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, PolandInstitute of Computer and Communication Networks, Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications, Poznan University of Technology, 60-965 Poznan, PolandThe development of network functionalities in the urban environment is accompanied by the emergence of new publicly available data sources. They are the basis of the introduced research architecture and environment which are used to investigate the new multicast algorithms proposed in this paper. These message-oriented algorithms are primarily intended to meet the needs of opportunistic routing in heterogeneous urban sensor networks. Although, due to their generalized and protocol-agnostic design, they can be of use in other network applications and research areas. Uncontrolled mobile relay devices are the key elements of the presented delay-tolerant multicast framework. Multicast structures are modeled in four Polish cities based on open data on the location of public transportation vehicles and elements of urban infrastructure. Over 16,000 graphs were built and analyzed. It has been shown that the use of uncontrolled mobile relay enables the construction of time-spanning time-changing multicast structures. Their features are determined by the topology of a given city area, the distribution of destination nodes, as well as the number and the routes of mobile relay nodes. The efficacy and efficiency of the algorithms depend on the radio range of the nodes, maximum time span of forwarded messages, and network structure knowledge availability.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/510urban sensor networksdelay-tolerant multicastopportunistic routinggraph modeling |
| spellingShingle | Bartosz Musznicki Piotr Zwierzykowski Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay Electronics urban sensor networks delay-tolerant multicast opportunistic routing graph modeling |
| title | Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay |
| title_full | Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay |
| title_fullStr | Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay |
| title_full_unstemmed | Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay |
| title_short | Urban Delay-Tolerant Multicast Using Uncontrolled Mobile Relay |
| title_sort | urban delay tolerant multicast using uncontrolled mobile relay |
| topic | urban sensor networks delay-tolerant multicast opportunistic routing graph modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/13/3/510 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bartoszmusznicki urbandelaytolerantmulticastusinguncontrolledmobilerelay AT piotrzwierzykowski urbandelaytolerantmulticastusinguncontrolledmobilerelay |