| Summary: | In article results of study of the incidence and the characteristics of the central nervous system impairment at the primary HIV-infection among adults are presented. In 2007–2010 to the infectious hospital were admitted 106 330 patients (HIV positive patient were excluded from these date). According to laboratory testing procedures primary HIV infection were detected among 513 (4.8%) patients. Different neurologic disorders have been diagnosed among 35 patients (6.8%). Among 16 patients with the impairment of the central nervous system the most frequent clinical variant was aseptic meningitis (14 cases). HIV infection 2Б stage was detected for 2 patients, 2В stage – 14 patients, or category А1 – 1 patients, А2 – 6 patients, А3 – 8 patients (1 case without detection of СD4 cells). Clinical and laboratory criteria of different forms of meningitis (subclinical, easy, moderate, and severe) are established. The majority of patients with signs of the central nervous system disorders had the various clinical symptoms characterizing an acute retroviral syndrome. Among 14 cases secondary diseases have been detected, including candidiasis (8 cases), 1 case for pneumocystic pneumonia, seborrheic dermatitis, pneumonia, a sinusitis, cryptococcal meningitis and neurosyphilis.
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