Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See
For many water management issues of shallow lakes with non-consolidated sediments hydrographic surveys of the open water area and reed belt areas are required. In the frame of water management strategy for the steppe lake Neusiedler See, located between Austria and Hungary, a hydrographic survey was...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2013-12-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/12/17067 |
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| author | Ilse Kogelbauer Erwin Heine Christopher D'Amboise Christoph Müllebner Wolfgang Sokol Willibald Loiskandl |
| author_facet | Ilse Kogelbauer Erwin Heine Christopher D'Amboise Christoph Müllebner Wolfgang Sokol Willibald Loiskandl |
| author_sort | Ilse Kogelbauer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | For many water management issues of shallow lakes with non-consolidated sediments hydrographic surveys of the open water area and reed belt areas are required. In the frame of water management strategy for the steppe lake Neusiedler See, located between Austria and Hungary, a hydrographic survey was conducted. In the open water area (water depth ≥1 m) a sediment echosounder was used. To validate these measurements and to distinguish between water, mud, and sediment layers in the shallow lake and reed belt area additional measurements were needed. As no common standard methods are available yet, we developed a measurement system based on two commonly applied soil physical measurement techniques providing reproducible physical values: a capacitive sensor and a cone penetrometer combined with GNSS-positioning enable dynamic measurements of georeferenced vertical water-mud-bedsediments profiles. The system bases on site-specific calibrated sensors and allows instantaneous, in situ measurements. The measurements manifest a sharp water-mud interface by a sudden decline to smaller water content which is a function of the dielectric permittivity. A second decline indicates the transition to compacted mud. That is concurrently the density where the penetrometer starts registering significant penetration resistance. The penetrometer detects shallow lakebed-sediment layers. Within the lake survey this measurement system was successfully tested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:21:42Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d767afa296bc4128afd543e4f9d668f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T08:21:42Z |
| publishDate | 2013-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-d767afa296bc4128afd543e4f9d668f12022-12-22T01:56:20ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202013-12-011312170671708310.3390/s131217067s131217067Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler SeeIlse Kogelbauer0Erwin Heine1Christopher D'Amboise2Christoph Müllebner3Wolfgang Sokol4Willibald Loiskandl5Institute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Nußdorfer Lände 11, Vienna 1190, AustriaInstitute of Surveying, Remote Sensing and Land Information, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Straße 82, Vienna 1190, AustriaInstitute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Nußdorfer Lände 11, Vienna 1190, AustriaInstitute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Nußdorfer Lände 11, Vienna 1190, AustriaInstitute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Nußdorfer Lände 11, Vienna 1190, AustriaInstitute of Hydraulics and Rural Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Nußdorfer Lände 11, Vienna 1190, AustriaFor many water management issues of shallow lakes with non-consolidated sediments hydrographic surveys of the open water area and reed belt areas are required. In the frame of water management strategy for the steppe lake Neusiedler See, located between Austria and Hungary, a hydrographic survey was conducted. In the open water area (water depth ≥1 m) a sediment echosounder was used. To validate these measurements and to distinguish between water, mud, and sediment layers in the shallow lake and reed belt area additional measurements were needed. As no common standard methods are available yet, we developed a measurement system based on two commonly applied soil physical measurement techniques providing reproducible physical values: a capacitive sensor and a cone penetrometer combined with GNSS-positioning enable dynamic measurements of georeferenced vertical water-mud-bedsediments profiles. The system bases on site-specific calibrated sensors and allows instantaneous, in situ measurements. The measurements manifest a sharp water-mud interface by a sudden decline to smaller water content which is a function of the dielectric permittivity. A second decline indicates the transition to compacted mud. That is concurrently the density where the penetrometer starts registering significant penetration resistance. The penetrometer detects shallow lakebed-sediment layers. Within the lake survey this measurement system was successfully tested.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/12/17067sediment profilesmud layer delineationshallow steppe lakecone penetrometerFDRecho sounding |
| spellingShingle | Ilse Kogelbauer Erwin Heine Christopher D'Amboise Christoph Müllebner Wolfgang Sokol Willibald Loiskandl Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See Sensors sediment profiles mud layer delineation shallow steppe lake cone penetrometer FDR echo sounding |
| title | Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See |
| title_full | Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See |
| title_fullStr | Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See |
| title_short | Adaptation of Soil Physical Measurement Techniques for the Delineation of Mud and Lakebed Sediments at Neusiedler See |
| title_sort | adaptation of soil physical measurement techniques for the delineation of mud and lakebed sediments at neusiedler see |
| topic | sediment profiles mud layer delineation shallow steppe lake cone penetrometer FDR echo sounding |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/13/12/17067 |
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