Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>)
When the aquaculture water environment deteriorates or the temperature rises, shrimp are susceptible to viral or bacterial infections, causing a large number of deaths. This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of the oral administration of a chitosan–gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) after <i&...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/8/419 |
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| author | Fengyan Liang Chengpeng Li Tingting Hou Chongqing Wen Songzhi Kong Dong Ma Chengbo Sun Sidong Li |
| author_facet | Fengyan Liang Chengpeng Li Tingting Hou Chongqing Wen Songzhi Kong Dong Ma Chengbo Sun Sidong Li |
| author_sort | Fengyan Liang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | When the aquaculture water environment deteriorates or the temperature rises, shrimp are susceptible to viral or bacterial infections, causing a large number of deaths. This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of the oral administration of a chitosan–gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) after <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> were infected with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus,</i> through nonspecific immunity parameter detection, intestinal morphology observation, and the assessment of microbial flora diversification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the oral administration of CS-GT significantly increased total hemocyte counts and reduced hemocyte apoptosis in shrimp (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The parameters (including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and phenoloxidase) were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The integrity of the intestinal epithelial cells and basement membrane were enhanced, which correspondingly alleviated intestinal injury. In terms of the microbiome, the abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> (Gram-negative bacteria and food-borne pathogens) in the water and gut were significantly reduced. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> both in the water and gut were negatively correlated with CS-GT dosage. In conclusion, the oral administration of CS-GT can improve the immunity of shrimp against pathogenic bacteria and significantly reduce the relative abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> in aquaculture water and the gut of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:42:10Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:42:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-d768b1dfa04546cf99d7862aef6400ea2023-11-20T09:40:27ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972020-08-0118841910.3390/md18080419Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>)Fengyan Liang0Chengpeng Li1Tingting Hou2Chongqing Wen3Songzhi Kong4Dong Ma5Chengbo Sun6Sidong Li7School of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaDepartment of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, ChinaDepartment of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaWhen the aquaculture water environment deteriorates or the temperature rises, shrimp are susceptible to viral or bacterial infections, causing a large number of deaths. This study comprehensively evaluated the effects of the oral administration of a chitosan–gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) after <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> were infected with <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus,</i> through nonspecific immunity parameter detection, intestinal morphology observation, and the assessment of microbial flora diversification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that the oral administration of CS-GT significantly increased total hemocyte counts and reduced hemocyte apoptosis in shrimp (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The parameters (including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, lysozyme, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and phenoloxidase) were significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The integrity of the intestinal epithelial cells and basement membrane were enhanced, which correspondingly alleviated intestinal injury. In terms of the microbiome, the abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> (Gram-negative bacteria and food-borne pathogens) in the water and gut were significantly reduced. The canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that the abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> both in the water and gut were negatively correlated with CS-GT dosage. In conclusion, the oral administration of CS-GT can improve the immunity of shrimp against pathogenic bacteria and significantly reduce the relative abundances of <i>Vibrio</i> in aquaculture water and the gut of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/8/419<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>chitosan–gentamicin conjugatenonspecific immunity parametersintestinal morphology16S rRNA gene sequencingmicrobiota |
| spellingShingle | Fengyan Liang Chengpeng Li Tingting Hou Chongqing Wen Songzhi Kong Dong Ma Chengbo Sun Sidong Li Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) Marine Drugs <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> chitosan–gentamicin conjugate nonspecific immunity parameters intestinal morphology 16S rRNA gene sequencing microbiota |
| title | Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) |
| title_full | Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) |
| title_short | Effects of Chitosan–Gentamicin Conjugate Supplement on Non-Specific Immunity, Aquaculture Water, Intestinal Histology and Microbiota of Pacific White Shrimp (<i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>) |
| title_sort | effects of chitosan gentamicin conjugate supplement on non specific immunity aquaculture water intestinal histology and microbiota of pacific white shrimp i litopenaeus vannamei i |
| topic | <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i> chitosan–gentamicin conjugate nonspecific immunity parameters intestinal morphology 16S rRNA gene sequencing microbiota |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/18/8/419 |
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