JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators
We present the evolution of the mass–metallicity (MZ) relation at z = 4–10 derived with 135 galaxies identified in JWST/NIRSpec data taken from the three major public spectroscopy programs of ERO, GLASS, and CEERS. Because there are many discrepancies between the flux measurements reported by the ea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acd556 |
| _version_ | 1797629374131863552 |
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| author | Kimihiko Nakajima Masami Ouchi Yuki Isobe Yuichi Harikane Yechi Zhang Yoshiaki Ono Hiroya Umeda Masamune Oguri |
| author_facet | Kimihiko Nakajima Masami Ouchi Yuki Isobe Yuichi Harikane Yechi Zhang Yoshiaki Ono Hiroya Umeda Masamune Oguri |
| author_sort | Kimihiko Nakajima |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present the evolution of the mass–metallicity (MZ) relation at z = 4–10 derived with 135 galaxies identified in JWST/NIRSpec data taken from the three major public spectroscopy programs of ERO, GLASS, and CEERS. Because there are many discrepancies between the flux measurements reported by the early ERO studies, we first establish our NIRSpec data reduction procedure for reliable emission-line flux measurements and errors, successfully explaining Balmer decrements with no statistical tensions thorough comparisons with the early ERO studies. Applying the reduction procedure to the 135 galaxies, we obtain emission-line fluxes for physical property measurements. We confirm that 10 out of the 135 galaxies with [O iii ] λ 4363 lines have electron temperatures of ≃(1.1–2.3) × 10 ^4 K, similar to lower- z star-forming galaxies, which can be explained by heating by young massive stars. We derive the metallicities of the 10 galaxies by a direct method and the rest of the galaxies with strong lines using the metallicity calibrations of Nakajima et al. applicable for these low-mass metal-poor galaxies, anchoring the metallicities with the direct-method measurements. We thus obtain the MZ relation and star formation rate (SFR)–MZ relation over z = 4–10. We find that there is a small evolution of the MZ relation from z ∼ 2–3 to z = 4–10, while interestingly the SFR–MZ relation shows no evolution up to z ∼ 8 but a significant decrease at z > 8 beyond the errors This SFR–MZ relation decrease at z > 8 may suggest a break of the metallicity equilibrium state via star formation, inflow, and outflow, while further statistical and local-baseline studies are needed for a conclusion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:52:35Z |
| format | Article |
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| issn | 0067-0049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:52:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series |
| spelling | doaj.art-d76a53ac6215438db768699deb19c5752023-11-13T14:59:42ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series0067-00492023-01-0126923310.3847/1538-4365/acd556JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity CalibratorsKimihiko Nakajima0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2965-5070Masami Ouchi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-6658Yuki Isobe2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-8634Yuichi Harikane3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-430XYechi Zhang4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3817-8739Yoshiaki Ono5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9011-7605Hiroya Umeda6https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0167-5129Masamune Oguri7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3484-399XNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan ; kimihiko.nakajima@nao.ac.jpNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan ; kimihiko.nakajima@nao.ac.jp; Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), University of Tokyo , Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanInstitute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo , 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanCenter for Frontier Science, Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University , 1-33 Yayoi-Cho, Inage-Ku, Chiba 263-8522, JapanWe present the evolution of the mass–metallicity (MZ) relation at z = 4–10 derived with 135 galaxies identified in JWST/NIRSpec data taken from the three major public spectroscopy programs of ERO, GLASS, and CEERS. Because there are many discrepancies between the flux measurements reported by the early ERO studies, we first establish our NIRSpec data reduction procedure for reliable emission-line flux measurements and errors, successfully explaining Balmer decrements with no statistical tensions thorough comparisons with the early ERO studies. Applying the reduction procedure to the 135 galaxies, we obtain emission-line fluxes for physical property measurements. We confirm that 10 out of the 135 galaxies with [O iii ] λ 4363 lines have electron temperatures of ≃(1.1–2.3) × 10 ^4 K, similar to lower- z star-forming galaxies, which can be explained by heating by young massive stars. We derive the metallicities of the 10 galaxies by a direct method and the rest of the galaxies with strong lines using the metallicity calibrations of Nakajima et al. applicable for these low-mass metal-poor galaxies, anchoring the metallicities with the direct-method measurements. We thus obtain the MZ relation and star formation rate (SFR)–MZ relation over z = 4–10. We find that there is a small evolution of the MZ relation from z ∼ 2–3 to z = 4–10, while interestingly the SFR–MZ relation shows no evolution up to z ∼ 8 but a significant decrease at z > 8 beyond the errors This SFR–MZ relation decrease at z > 8 may suggest a break of the metallicity equilibrium state via star formation, inflow, and outflow, while further statistical and local-baseline studies are needed for a conclusion.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acd556Chemical abundancesGalaxy chemical evolutionGalaxy evolutionJames Webb Space TelescopeHigh-redshift galaxies |
| spellingShingle | Kimihiko Nakajima Masami Ouchi Yuki Isobe Yuichi Harikane Yechi Zhang Yoshiaki Ono Hiroya Umeda Masamune Oguri JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Chemical abundances Galaxy chemical evolution Galaxy evolution James Webb Space Telescope High-redshift galaxies |
| title | JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators |
| title_full | JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators |
| title_fullStr | JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators |
| title_full_unstemmed | JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators |
| title_short | JWST Census for the Mass–Metallicity Star Formation Relations at z = 4–10 with Self-consistent Flux Calibration and Proper Metallicity Calibrators |
| title_sort | jwst census for the mass metallicity star formation relations at z 4 10 with self consistent flux calibration and proper metallicity calibrators |
| topic | Chemical abundances Galaxy chemical evolution Galaxy evolution James Webb Space Telescope High-redshift galaxies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/acd556 |
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