Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis
Abstract Dreaming is a complex phenomenon that occurs during sleep, involving various conscious dream experiences. Lucid dreams (LDs) involve heightened awareness within the dream environment, while out-of-body experiences (OBEs) involve the sensation of being outside one’s physical body. OBEs occur...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46817-2 |
| _version_ | 1797630271730745344 |
|---|---|
| author | Francisco T. Gallo Ignacio Spiousas Nerea L. Herrero Daniela Godoy Antonela Tommasel Miguel Gasca-Rolin Rodrigo Ramele Pablo M. Gleiser Cecilia Forcato |
| author_facet | Francisco T. Gallo Ignacio Spiousas Nerea L. Herrero Daniela Godoy Antonela Tommasel Miguel Gasca-Rolin Rodrigo Ramele Pablo M. Gleiser Cecilia Forcato |
| author_sort | Francisco T. Gallo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Dreaming is a complex phenomenon that occurs during sleep, involving various conscious dream experiences. Lucid dreams (LDs) involve heightened awareness within the dream environment, while out-of-body experiences (OBEs) involve the sensation of being outside one’s physical body. OBEs occur during sleep paralysis (SP), where voluntary movements are inhibited during sleep/wake transitions while remaining aware of the surroundings. The relationship between LDs and OBEs is debated, with some viewing them as distinct phenomena and others considering them different manifestations of the same underlying experience. This study aimed to characterize non-lucid dreams, LDs, and OBEs by analyzing dream reports’ structural properties. OBE reports displayed a condensed and interconnected network structure compared to non-lucid dreams and LDs. Additionally, OBE reports exhibited a specialized network structure, with specific nodes playing a more central role. These findings suggest that OBE dreams may have a more coherent and unified narrative, with certain nodes being pivotal in the network structure. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:05:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d77158325f7d41b2ae641610af2ad3a2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T11:05:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-d77158325f7d41b2ae641610af2ad3a22023-11-12T12:16:29ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113111010.1038/s41598-023-46817-2Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysisFrancisco T. Gallo0Ignacio Spiousas1Nerea L. Herrero2Daniela Godoy3Antonela Tommasel4Miguel Gasca-Rolin5Rodrigo Ramele6Pablo M. Gleiser7Cecilia Forcato8Laboratorio de Sueño y Memoria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)Laboratorio de Sueño y Memoria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)Asociación Internacional de OnironautasCentro de Inteligencia Computacional, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)Laboratorio de Neurociencia de Sistemas Complejos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)Laboratorio de Sueño y Memoria, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires (ITBA)Abstract Dreaming is a complex phenomenon that occurs during sleep, involving various conscious dream experiences. Lucid dreams (LDs) involve heightened awareness within the dream environment, while out-of-body experiences (OBEs) involve the sensation of being outside one’s physical body. OBEs occur during sleep paralysis (SP), where voluntary movements are inhibited during sleep/wake transitions while remaining aware of the surroundings. The relationship between LDs and OBEs is debated, with some viewing them as distinct phenomena and others considering them different manifestations of the same underlying experience. This study aimed to characterize non-lucid dreams, LDs, and OBEs by analyzing dream reports’ structural properties. OBE reports displayed a condensed and interconnected network structure compared to non-lucid dreams and LDs. Additionally, OBE reports exhibited a specialized network structure, with specific nodes playing a more central role. These findings suggest that OBE dreams may have a more coherent and unified narrative, with certain nodes being pivotal in the network structure.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46817-2 |
| spellingShingle | Francisco T. Gallo Ignacio Spiousas Nerea L. Herrero Daniela Godoy Antonela Tommasel Miguel Gasca-Rolin Rodrigo Ramele Pablo M. Gleiser Cecilia Forcato Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis Scientific Reports |
| title | Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| title_full | Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| title_fullStr | Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| title_short | Structural differences between non-lucid dreams, lucid dreams and out-of-body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| title_sort | structural differences between non lucid dreams lucid dreams and out of body experience reports assessed by graph analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-46817-2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT franciscotgallo structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT ignaciospiousas structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT nerealherrero structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT danielagodoy structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT antonelatommasel structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT miguelgascarolin structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT rodrigoramele structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT pablomgleiser structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis AT ceciliaforcato structuraldifferencesbetweennonluciddreamsluciddreamsandoutofbodyexperiencereportsassessedbygraphanalysis |