| Summary: | Background. Despite the wide distribution of many types of ciliates, ciliate
communities in each regionare formed with their own characteristics, depending on the
specific environmental conditions. Study of the freshwater ciliofauna of Sakhalin island
before our research has not been conducted. For the first time, on the example of three
small reservoirs and two watercourses, the features of the ciliate community of freshwater
objects in the autumn in the southern part of Sakhalin island were investigated. The purpose
of the work is to study seasonal changes in the species compositions of ciliate communities
in small water bodies and in the flat part of watercourses in the southern part of the Sakhalin
island. Materials and methods. The material was collected in 2020 by randomized sampling
in small water bodies of the old type and in watercourses located in the lower reaches
of the Taranay river (southern part of Sakhalin Island). Samples were taken into plastic
non-specialized wide-mouth samplers with a volume of 500 ml by scooping up water together
with a small layer of soil and dead macrophytes, as well as 100 ml by spilling
20 liters of water from the reservoir through the Apshtein plankton net. Results. During this
periodin reservoirs and watercourses located in the lower reaches of the Taranay river we
found 75 species of ciliatus, of which 5 species (Spathidium porculus, Tokophrya infusionum,
Tokophrya lemnarum, Chilodontopsis depressa, Glaucoma macrostoma) were identified
for the first time in freshwater bodies of the Russian Far East. Of the species discovered
in autumn, only 53 were found in this area in the summer. 115 species of ciliates in
the study area in total were found. The expected similarity of the species composition of the
ciliofauna of water bodies in one study area was not confirmed; only 5 species were common
to all objects. Almost all water bodies of the study area in autumn were α-mesosaprobic
(polluted) water bodies. Conclusions. Seasonal fluctuations of environmental factors
significantly affect changes in the ciliofauna in the studied water bodies, of the 115 species,
only 53 were found in the area in summer and autumn. Even in one study areaciliate communities
with their own specific features in each of the water bodiesare formed.
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