Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination
Objectives: We aimed to understand how SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer decrease following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and to estimate the timing of booster vaccination. Study design: Six hundred sixty-two healthcare workers were administered with total of three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine during the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Public Health in Practice |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535222000738 |
| _version_ | 1797980314824343552 |
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| author | Kazuo Sugiyama Chouji Suzuki Masanori Aoyama Nobuhiko Toyota Nozomi Nakagawa Makio Shozu Kanji Nakai Keiji Iwano |
| author_facet | Kazuo Sugiyama Chouji Suzuki Masanori Aoyama Nobuhiko Toyota Nozomi Nakagawa Makio Shozu Kanji Nakai Keiji Iwano |
| author_sort | Kazuo Sugiyama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives: We aimed to understand how SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer decrease following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and to estimate the timing of booster vaccination. Study design: Six hundred sixty-two healthcare workers were administered with total of three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine during the same short period. Of them, three volunteers were enrolled to measure anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody titers (IgG) monthly following the second and the third doses. Methods: Serum anti-RBD antibody titers were measured monthly and the decay curve of the antibody was analyzed. We estimate the timing of the third and fourth vaccine based on the observed antibody titer decrease and the period of breakthrough infections in the vaccine recipients. Results: Anti-RBD antibody decreased exponentially following the 2nd dose. Between 108 and 117 days following the second dose, breakthrough infection of SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 11 out of the 662 vaccine recipients. Based on the decrease in anti-RBD antibody and the timing of the breakthrough infections, we estimate that the optimal timing of a third dose would be at earliest 108 days after the second dose, when anti-RBD antibody titers are less than 338 BAU/mL. The anti-RBD antibody titers were sustained relatively higher for 161 days following the third dose (416 days following the second dose). Conclusions: We estimate that the optimal timing of a third dose would be at earliest 108 days after the second dose, or anti-RBD antibody titers are less than 338 BAU/mL. We suggest that a fourth dose should be administered later than 161 days following the third dose. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:52:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d791d60e85b54f6aa7afce65bf7e23f6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T05:52:34Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Public Health in Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-d791d60e85b54f6aa7afce65bf7e23f62022-12-22T04:42:02ZengElsevierPublic Health in Practice2666-53522022-12-014100297Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccinationKazuo Sugiyama0Chouji Suzuki1Masanori Aoyama2Nobuhiko Toyota3Nozomi Nakagawa4Makio Shozu5Kanji Nakai6Keiji Iwano7Medical Checkup Center, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Corresponding author. Medical Checkup Center, Gyotoku General Hospital, Hongyotoku 5525-2, Ichikawa, 272-0103, Chiba prefecture, Japan.Medical Checkup Center, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanDivision of Internal Medicine, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanDivision of Surgery, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanDivision of Nursing, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanEvolution and Reproductive Biology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, JapanDivision of Neurosurgery, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanDivision of Internal Medicine, Gyotoku General Hospital, Ichikawa, JapanObjectives: We aimed to understand how SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer decrease following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination and to estimate the timing of booster vaccination. Study design: Six hundred sixty-two healthcare workers were administered with total of three doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine during the same short period. Of them, three volunteers were enrolled to measure anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody titers (IgG) monthly following the second and the third doses. Methods: Serum anti-RBD antibody titers were measured monthly and the decay curve of the antibody was analyzed. We estimate the timing of the third and fourth vaccine based on the observed antibody titer decrease and the period of breakthrough infections in the vaccine recipients. Results: Anti-RBD antibody decreased exponentially following the 2nd dose. Between 108 and 117 days following the second dose, breakthrough infection of SARS-CoV-2 occurred in 11 out of the 662 vaccine recipients. Based on the decrease in anti-RBD antibody and the timing of the breakthrough infections, we estimate that the optimal timing of a third dose would be at earliest 108 days after the second dose, when anti-RBD antibody titers are less than 338 BAU/mL. The anti-RBD antibody titers were sustained relatively higher for 161 days following the third dose (416 days following the second dose). Conclusions: We estimate that the optimal timing of a third dose would be at earliest 108 days after the second dose, or anti-RBD antibody titers are less than 338 BAU/mL. We suggest that a fourth dose should be administered later than 161 days following the third dose.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535222000738COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Receptor binding domainAntibodyVaccineBooster |
| spellingShingle | Kazuo Sugiyama Chouji Suzuki Masanori Aoyama Nobuhiko Toyota Nozomi Nakagawa Makio Shozu Kanji Nakai Keiji Iwano Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination Public Health in Practice COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Receptor binding domain Antibody Vaccine Booster |
| title | Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination |
| title_full | Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination |
| title_fullStr | Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination |
| title_short | Long-term observation of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 following vaccination |
| title_sort | long term observation of antibody titers against sars cov 2 following vaccination |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Receptor binding domain Antibody Vaccine Booster |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666535222000738 |
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