Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report
Umbilical nodes and cords play a crucial role in fetal development and are essential for the transfer of nutrients and oxygen between the mother and the fetus. Sonographic diagnosis of umbilical nodes and cords has become an integral part of prenatal care, allowing for the early detection of abnorma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2024-03-01
|
| Series: | SAGE Open Medical Case Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X241239524 |
| _version_ | 1797260506797441024 |
|---|---|
| author | George Uchenna Eleje Chijioke Brenda Nwammuo Kenechi Ogbodo Nnamani Emeka Philip Igbodike Ekeuda Uchenna Nwankwo Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor Tobechi Kingsley Njoku Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene Emmanuel Chukwubuikem Egwuatu Divinefavour Echezona Malachy Ogechi Odinakachukwu Dimgba Eric Chukwudi Ihekwoaba Onyekachi Amos Onu Emeka Stephen Edokwe Chika Ifeoma Ofiaeli Kenechukwu Ezekwesili Obi Chizoba Ndidiamaka Okwuosa Adanna Vivian Egwim Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro Chukwudubem Chinagorom Onyejiaka Henry Chinedu Nneji Obiora Donatus Ugwu Chijioke Ogomegbunam Ezeigwe Casmir Chukwudi Madubuko Alexander Arinze Mathias Gerald Okanandu Udigwe |
| author_facet | George Uchenna Eleje Chijioke Brenda Nwammuo Kenechi Ogbodo Nnamani Emeka Philip Igbodike Ekeuda Uchenna Nwankwo Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor Tobechi Kingsley Njoku Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene Emmanuel Chukwubuikem Egwuatu Divinefavour Echezona Malachy Ogechi Odinakachukwu Dimgba Eric Chukwudi Ihekwoaba Onyekachi Amos Onu Emeka Stephen Edokwe Chika Ifeoma Ofiaeli Kenechukwu Ezekwesili Obi Chizoba Ndidiamaka Okwuosa Adanna Vivian Egwim Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro Chukwudubem Chinagorom Onyejiaka Henry Chinedu Nneji Obiora Donatus Ugwu Chijioke Ogomegbunam Ezeigwe Casmir Chukwudi Madubuko Alexander Arinze Mathias Gerald Okanandu Udigwe |
| author_sort | George Uchenna Eleje |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Umbilical nodes and cords play a crucial role in fetal development and are essential for the transfer of nutrients and oxygen between the mother and the fetus. Sonographic diagnosis of umbilical nodes and cords has become an integral part of prenatal care, allowing for the early detection of abnormalities and potential complications. The umbilical cord is a vital structure connecting the fetus to the placenta, providing essential nutrients and oxygen for fetal growth and development. Sonographic examination of the umbilical cord and its associated nodes has become an indispensable tool in prenatal care, enabling the early detection of abnormalities and potential complications. This review aims to analyze the current literature on sonographic diagnosis of umbilical nodes and cords, highlighting the key points and advancements in this field. A 37-year-old booked G 4 P 2 +1 A 2 Nigerian woman was registered for prenatal tertiary health care at 12 weeks of gestation. The booking investigations were normal and the booking packed cell volume was 37%. She was compliant with scheduled clinic visits and routine drugs. Pregnancy was carried to term uneventfully. Elective cesarean section was successfully performed at 38 weeks of gestation owing to the patient’s prior history of third-degree perineal tear. The intraoperative findings included a loose cord around the neck of the baby and double true knots along the length of the 65 cm umbilical cord. The baby was delivered with appearance, pulse, grimace, activity and respiration (APGAR) scores of 7 in the first minute, 9 in the fifth minute, and the birth weight was 3.0 kg. Mother and baby were discharged 48 h postpartum in stable clinical condition. Although the presence of true double umbilical knots is rare, its coexistence with the nuchal cord is even rarer. There are risk factors associated with true umbilical knots. The possible risk factor implicated in this index case is the gender of the fetus and maternal multiparity. True umbilical knots are usually associated with certain fetal negative outcomes of pregnancy. There are currently no evidence-based treatment options available. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:26:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7a706defd204ecb885f4804e58d3f8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-313X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:26:25Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SAGE Open Medical Case Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7a706defd204ecb885f4804e58d3f8b2024-03-16T01:04:15ZengSAGE PublishingSAGE Open Medical Case Reports2050-313X2024-03-011210.1177/2050313X241239524Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case reportGeorge Uchenna Eleje0Chijioke Brenda Nwammuo1Kenechi Ogbodo Nnamani2Emeka Philip Igbodike3Ekeuda Uchenna Nwankwo4Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor5Tobechi Kingsley Njoku6Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene7Emmanuel Chukwubuikem Egwuatu8Divinefavour Echezona Malachy9Ogechi Odinakachukwu Dimgba10Eric Chukwudi Ihekwoaba11Onyekachi Amos Onu12Emeka Stephen Edokwe13Chika Ifeoma Ofiaeli14Kenechukwu Ezekwesili Obi15Chizoba Ndidiamaka Okwuosa16Adanna Vivian Egwim17Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro18Chukwudubem Chinagorom Onyejiaka19Henry Chinedu Nneji20Obiora Donatus Ugwu21Chijioke Ogomegbunam Ezeigwe22Casmir Chukwudi Madubuko23Alexander Arinze Mathias24Gerald Okanandu Udigwe25Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaDepartment of Radiology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Havana Specialist Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, NigeriaRural Community Clinical School, School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, AustraliaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USADepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Surgery, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, NigeriaDepartment of Surgery, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, NigeriaDepartment of Paediatrics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Family Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, NigeriaEffective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaUmbilical nodes and cords play a crucial role in fetal development and are essential for the transfer of nutrients and oxygen between the mother and the fetus. Sonographic diagnosis of umbilical nodes and cords has become an integral part of prenatal care, allowing for the early detection of abnormalities and potential complications. The umbilical cord is a vital structure connecting the fetus to the placenta, providing essential nutrients and oxygen for fetal growth and development. Sonographic examination of the umbilical cord and its associated nodes has become an indispensable tool in prenatal care, enabling the early detection of abnormalities and potential complications. This review aims to analyze the current literature on sonographic diagnosis of umbilical nodes and cords, highlighting the key points and advancements in this field. A 37-year-old booked G 4 P 2 +1 A 2 Nigerian woman was registered for prenatal tertiary health care at 12 weeks of gestation. The booking investigations were normal and the booking packed cell volume was 37%. She was compliant with scheduled clinic visits and routine drugs. Pregnancy was carried to term uneventfully. Elective cesarean section was successfully performed at 38 weeks of gestation owing to the patient’s prior history of third-degree perineal tear. The intraoperative findings included a loose cord around the neck of the baby and double true knots along the length of the 65 cm umbilical cord. The baby was delivered with appearance, pulse, grimace, activity and respiration (APGAR) scores of 7 in the first minute, 9 in the fifth minute, and the birth weight was 3.0 kg. Mother and baby were discharged 48 h postpartum in stable clinical condition. Although the presence of true double umbilical knots is rare, its coexistence with the nuchal cord is even rarer. There are risk factors associated with true umbilical knots. The possible risk factor implicated in this index case is the gender of the fetus and maternal multiparity. True umbilical knots are usually associated with certain fetal negative outcomes of pregnancy. There are currently no evidence-based treatment options available.https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X241239524 |
| spellingShingle | George Uchenna Eleje Chijioke Brenda Nwammuo Kenechi Ogbodo Nnamani Emeka Philip Igbodike Ekeuda Uchenna Nwankwo Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor Tobechi Kingsley Njoku Onyeka Chukwudalu Ekwebene Emmanuel Chukwubuikem Egwuatu Divinefavour Echezona Malachy Ogechi Odinakachukwu Dimgba Eric Chukwudi Ihekwoaba Onyekachi Amos Onu Emeka Stephen Edokwe Chika Ifeoma Ofiaeli Kenechukwu Ezekwesili Obi Chizoba Ndidiamaka Okwuosa Adanna Vivian Egwim Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem Okoro Chukwudubem Chinagorom Onyejiaka Henry Chinedu Nneji Obiora Donatus Ugwu Chijioke Ogomegbunam Ezeigwe Casmir Chukwudi Madubuko Alexander Arinze Mathias Gerald Okanandu Udigwe Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report SAGE Open Medical Case Reports |
| title | Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report |
| title_full | Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report |
| title_fullStr | Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report |
| title_full_unstemmed | Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report |
| title_short | Double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome: A case report |
| title_sort | double true umbilical cord knots coexisting with a nuchal cord with successful fetal outcome a case report |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1177/2050313X241239524 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT georgeuchennaeleje doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chijiokebrendanwammuo doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT kenechiogbodonnamani doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT emekaphilipigbodike doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT ekeudauchennanwankwo doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chigoziegeoffreyokafor doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT tobechikingsleynjoku doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT onyekachukwudaluekwebene doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT emmanuelchukwubuikemegwuatu doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT divinefavourechezonamalachy doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT ogechiodinakachukwudimgba doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT ericchukwudiihekwoaba doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT onyekachiamosonu doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT emekastephenedokwe doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chikaifeomaofiaeli doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT kenechukwuezekwesiliobi doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chizobandidiamakaokwuosa doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT adannavivianegwim doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chukwuemekachukwubuikemokoro doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chukwudubemchinagoromonyejiaka doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT henrychinedunneji doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT obioradonatusugwu doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT chijiokeogomegbunamezeigwe doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT casmirchukwudimadubuko doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT alexanderarinzemathias doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport AT geraldokananduudigwe doubletrueumbilicalcordknotscoexistingwithanuchalcordwithsuccessfulfetaloutcomeacasereport |