Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination
The abrupt warming across the Younger Dryas termination (~11 600 yr before present) was marked by a large increase in the global atmospheric methane mixing ratio. The debate over sources responsible for the rise in methane centers on the roles of global wetlands, marine gas hydrates, and thermokarst...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2012-07-01
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| Series: | Climate of the Past |
| Online Access: | http://www.clim-past.net/8/1177/2012/cp-8-1177-2012.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819128592691363840 |
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| author | H. Schaefer M. J. Whiticar J. R. Melton |
| author_facet | H. Schaefer M. J. Whiticar J. R. Melton |
| author_sort | H. Schaefer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The abrupt warming across the Younger Dryas termination (~11 600 yr before present) was marked by a large increase in the global atmospheric methane mixing ratio. The debate over sources responsible for the rise in methane centers on the roles of global wetlands, marine gas hydrates, and thermokarst lakes. We present a new, higher-precision methane stable carbon isotope ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>) dataset from ice sampled at Påkitsoq, Greenland that shows distinct <sup>13</sup>C-enrichment associated with this rise. We investigate the validity of this finding in face of known anomalous methane concentrations that occur at Påkitsoq. Comparison with previously published datasets to determine the robustness of our results indicates a similar trend in ice from both an Antarctic ice core and previously published Påkitsoq data measured using four different extraction and analytical techniques. The δ<sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> trend suggests that <sup>13</sup>C-enriched CH<sub>4</sub> sources played an important role in the concentration increase. In a first attempt at quantifying the various contributions from our data, we apply a methane triple mass balance of stable carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios and radiocarbon. The mass balance results suggest biomass burning (42–66% of total methane flux increase) and thermokarst lakes (27–59%) as the dominant contributing sources. Given the high uncertainty and low temporal resolution of the <sup>14</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> dataset used in the triple mass balance, we also performed a mass balance test using just δ<sup>13</sup>C and δD. These results further support biomass burning as a dominant source, but do not allow distinguishing of thermokarst lake contributions from boreal wetlands, aerobic plant methane, or termites. Our results in both mass balance tests do not suggest as large a role for tropical wetlands or marine gas hydrates as commonly proposed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T08:30:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7ab136351474edb9b998e148239df79 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1814-9324 1814-9332 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T08:30:17Z |
| publishDate | 2012-07-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Climate of the Past |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7ab136351474edb9b998e148239df792022-12-21T18:32:31ZengCopernicus PublicationsClimate of the Past1814-93241814-93322012-07-01841177119710.5194/cp-8-1177-2012Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas terminationH. SchaeferM. J. WhiticarJ. R. MeltonThe abrupt warming across the Younger Dryas termination (~11 600 yr before present) was marked by a large increase in the global atmospheric methane mixing ratio. The debate over sources responsible for the rise in methane centers on the roles of global wetlands, marine gas hydrates, and thermokarst lakes. We present a new, higher-precision methane stable carbon isotope ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>) dataset from ice sampled at Påkitsoq, Greenland that shows distinct <sup>13</sup>C-enrichment associated with this rise. We investigate the validity of this finding in face of known anomalous methane concentrations that occur at Påkitsoq. Comparison with previously published datasets to determine the robustness of our results indicates a similar trend in ice from both an Antarctic ice core and previously published Påkitsoq data measured using four different extraction and analytical techniques. The δ<sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> trend suggests that <sup>13</sup>C-enriched CH<sub>4</sub> sources played an important role in the concentration increase. In a first attempt at quantifying the various contributions from our data, we apply a methane triple mass balance of stable carbon and hydrogen isotope ratios and radiocarbon. The mass balance results suggest biomass burning (42–66% of total methane flux increase) and thermokarst lakes (27–59%) as the dominant contributing sources. Given the high uncertainty and low temporal resolution of the <sup>14</sup>CH<sub>4</sub> dataset used in the triple mass balance, we also performed a mass balance test using just δ<sup>13</sup>C and δD. These results further support biomass burning as a dominant source, but do not allow distinguishing of thermokarst lake contributions from boreal wetlands, aerobic plant methane, or termites. Our results in both mass balance tests do not suggest as large a role for tropical wetlands or marine gas hydrates as commonly proposed.http://www.clim-past.net/8/1177/2012/cp-8-1177-2012.pdf |
| spellingShingle | H. Schaefer M. J. Whiticar J. R. Melton Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination Climate of the Past |
| title | Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination |
| title_full | Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination |
| title_fullStr | Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination |
| title_short | Enrichment in <sup>13</sup>C of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> during the Younger Dryas termination |
| title_sort | enrichment in sup 13 sup c of atmospheric ch sub 4 sub during the younger dryas termination |
| url | http://www.clim-past.net/8/1177/2012/cp-8-1177-2012.pdf |
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