Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Many studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are associated with hypertension. Our study aimed to observe the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and to further explore whether drug molecules can play a therapeutic role in hypertension by interfering with the gut...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/612 |
| _version_ | 1797438346987831296 |
|---|---|
| author | Shuai Dong Qi Liu Xue Zhou Yubo Zhao Kang Yang Linsen Li Dan Zhu |
| author_facet | Shuai Dong Qi Liu Xue Zhou Yubo Zhao Kang Yang Linsen Li Dan Zhu |
| author_sort | Shuai Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are associated with hypertension. Our study aimed to observe the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and to further explore whether drug molecules can play a therapeutic role in hypertension by interfering with the gut microbiota. We evaluated the differences in the composition of the gut microbiota in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Meanwhile, three first-line cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs, losartan, atorvastatin, and aspirin, were used to treat the SHR in order to observe their effects on the gut microbiota in SHR. The 16S rDNA results showed that the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota in SHR were significantly reduced compared with that of the WKY, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria decreased, and the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria increased. In addition to lowering the blood pressure, losartan increased the abundances of <i>Alistipes</i>, <i>Bacteroides,</i> and <i>Butyricimonas</i> in SHR, reduced the abundances of <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, <i>Streptococcus,</i> and <i>Turicibacter</i>, reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and rebalanced the gut microbiota. Losartan also increased the abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and SCFAs-producing bacteria and reduced the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria. However, atorvastatin and aspirin had no significant effect on the gut microbiota in SHR. The above results showed that losartan could change the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and rebalance the gut microbiota, which may be related to lowering the blood pressure. Atorvastatin and aspirin have no significant influence on the gut microbiota in SHR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7ad8efbc5f54b5dbf4b0af48ad7dfe1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:36:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7ad8efbc5f54b5dbf4b0af48ad7dfe12023-11-30T23:42:18ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128261210.3390/molecules28020612Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive RatsShuai Dong0Qi Liu1Xue Zhou2Yubo Zhao3Kang Yang4Linsen Li5Dan Zhu6School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaChengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, ChinaMany studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are associated with hypertension. Our study aimed to observe the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and to further explore whether drug molecules can play a therapeutic role in hypertension by interfering with the gut microbiota. We evaluated the differences in the composition of the gut microbiota in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Meanwhile, three first-line cardiovascular disease (CVD) drugs, losartan, atorvastatin, and aspirin, were used to treat the SHR in order to observe their effects on the gut microbiota in SHR. The 16S rDNA results showed that the diversity and richness of the gut microbiota in SHR were significantly reduced compared with that of the WKY, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio was increased, the abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria decreased, and the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria increased. In addition to lowering the blood pressure, losartan increased the abundances of <i>Alistipes</i>, <i>Bacteroides,</i> and <i>Butyricimonas</i> in SHR, reduced the abundances of <i>Ruminococcaceae</i>, <i>Streptococcus,</i> and <i>Turicibacter</i>, reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and rebalanced the gut microbiota. Losartan also increased the abundances of <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and SCFAs-producing bacteria and reduced the abundance of lactate-producing bacteria. However, atorvastatin and aspirin had no significant effect on the gut microbiota in SHR. The above results showed that losartan could change the characteristics of the gut microbiota in hypertension and rebalance the gut microbiota, which may be related to lowering the blood pressure. Atorvastatin and aspirin have no significant influence on the gut microbiota in SHR.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/612gut microbiotacardiovascular diseaselosartanatorvastatinaspirin |
| spellingShingle | Shuai Dong Qi Liu Xue Zhou Yubo Zhao Kang Yang Linsen Li Dan Zhu Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Molecules gut microbiota cardiovascular disease losartan atorvastatin aspirin |
| title | Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
| title_full | Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
| title_short | Effects of Losartan, Atorvastatin, and Aspirin on Blood Pressure and Gut Microbiota in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats |
| title_sort | effects of losartan atorvastatin and aspirin on blood pressure and gut microbiota in spontaneously hypertensive rats |
| topic | gut microbiota cardiovascular disease losartan atorvastatin aspirin |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/2/612 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuaidong effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT qiliu effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT xuezhou effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT yubozhao effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT kangyang effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT linsenli effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats AT danzhu effectsoflosartanatorvastatinandaspirinonbloodpressureandgutmicrobiotainspontaneouslyhypertensiverats |