Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2)
Nowadays, the growing popularity of distance running has been accompanied by the increasing prevalence of vegan and vegetarian diets, especially among endurance athletes. The present study aimed to examine the association between diet type and dietary intake of distance runners competing at distance...
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/15/3151 |
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| author | Katharina Wirnitzer Karl-Heinz Wagner Mohamad Motevalli Derrick Tanous Gerold Wirnitzer Claus Leitzmann Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle |
| author_facet | Katharina Wirnitzer Karl-Heinz Wagner Mohamad Motevalli Derrick Tanous Gerold Wirnitzer Claus Leitzmann Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle |
| author_sort | Katharina Wirnitzer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nowadays, the growing popularity of distance running has been accompanied by the increasing prevalence of vegan and vegetarian diets, especially among endurance athletes. The present study aimed to examine the association between diet type and dietary intake of distance runners competing at distances longer than 10 km. From a total of 317 participants, 211 endurance runners (57% females) were considered the final sample after applying the exclusion criteria. Runners were assigned to three groups based on the self-reported diet types: 95 omnivores, 40 vegetarians, and 76 vegans. Data collection was conducted using an online survey with questions about sociodemographic information, dietary intake, and dietary-associated motives. A comprehensive food frequency questionnaire with 53 food groups (categorized in 14 basic—plus three umbrella—food clusters) was used to assess dietary intake. Vegan runners had a higher intake of “beans and seeds”, “fruit and vegetables”, and “dairy alternatives”, as well as lower intakes of “oils” than other two groups. Vegetarian runners had a lower intake of “dairy products” and “eggs” than omnivores. A greater intake of “alcohol” and a lower intake of “meat alternatives” was observed in omnivorous runners compared to vegans and vegetarians. Despite the existence of a tendency toward the consumption of health-related food clusters by vegan runners, further investigations are needed to verify the predominance of vegans in health-oriented dietary patterns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7b2720bede449be93efaf4c0eea7050 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:07:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7b2720bede449be93efaf4c0eea70502023-12-03T12:53:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432022-07-011415315110.3390/nu14153151Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2)Katharina Wirnitzer0Karl-Heinz Wagner1Mohamad Motevalli2Derrick Tanous3Gerold Wirnitzer4Claus Leitzmann5Thomas Rosemann6Beat Knechtle7Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, AustriaAdventureV & Change2V, 6135 Stans, AustriaInstitute of Nutrition, University of Gießen, 35390 Gießen, GermanyInstitute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, SwitzerlandNowadays, the growing popularity of distance running has been accompanied by the increasing prevalence of vegan and vegetarian diets, especially among endurance athletes. The present study aimed to examine the association between diet type and dietary intake of distance runners competing at distances longer than 10 km. From a total of 317 participants, 211 endurance runners (57% females) were considered the final sample after applying the exclusion criteria. Runners were assigned to three groups based on the self-reported diet types: 95 omnivores, 40 vegetarians, and 76 vegans. Data collection was conducted using an online survey with questions about sociodemographic information, dietary intake, and dietary-associated motives. A comprehensive food frequency questionnaire with 53 food groups (categorized in 14 basic—plus three umbrella—food clusters) was used to assess dietary intake. Vegan runners had a higher intake of “beans and seeds”, “fruit and vegetables”, and “dairy alternatives”, as well as lower intakes of “oils” than other two groups. Vegetarian runners had a lower intake of “dairy products” and “eggs” than omnivores. A greater intake of “alcohol” and a lower intake of “meat alternatives” was observed in omnivorous runners compared to vegans and vegetarians. Despite the existence of a tendency toward the consumption of health-related food clusters by vegan runners, further investigations are needed to verify the predominance of vegans in health-oriented dietary patterns.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/15/3151nutritiondietary assessmentdietary patternsfood frequencyplant-based diethealth |
| spellingShingle | Katharina Wirnitzer Karl-Heinz Wagner Mohamad Motevalli Derrick Tanous Gerold Wirnitzer Claus Leitzmann Thomas Rosemann Beat Knechtle Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) Nutrients nutrition dietary assessment dietary patterns food frequency plant-based diet health |
| title | Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) |
| title_full | Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) |
| title_short | Dietary Intake of Vegan and Non-Vegan Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2) |
| title_sort | dietary intake of vegan and non vegan endurance runners results from the nurmi study step 2 |
| topic | nutrition dietary assessment dietary patterns food frequency plant-based diet health |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/15/3151 |
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