Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing
Every laboratory test needs validation by quality controls. For biocide susceptibility testing (BST), neither quality control (QC) strains nor QC ranges applicable to these strains are currently available. As QC strains, four well-defined laboratory reference strains (<i>Staphylococcus aureus&...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
|
| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/2/223 |
| _version_ | 1797477416146305024 |
|---|---|
| author | Angela R. Schug Anissa D. Scholtzek John Turnidge Marita Meurer Stefan Schwarz Andrea T. Feßler the Biocide Susceptibility Study Group |
| author_facet | Angela R. Schug Anissa D. Scholtzek John Turnidge Marita Meurer Stefan Schwarz Andrea T. Feßler the Biocide Susceptibility Study Group |
| author_sort | Angela R. Schug |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Every laboratory test needs validation by quality controls. For biocide susceptibility testing (BST), neither quality control (QC) strains nor QC ranges applicable to these strains are currently available. As QC strains, four well-defined laboratory reference strains (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 6538, <i>Enterococcus hirae</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 10541, <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 10536 and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442), which have been used previously for biocide efficacy testing, were selected. In an interlaboratory trial with eleven participating laboratories, BST QC ranges should be developed for the aforementioned four strains and the four biocides benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, octenidine and polyhexanide. The performance of three different lots of tryptic soy broth was explored using the broth microdilution method and the data were subsequently evaluated using the RangeFinder software. As a result, QC ranges were defined for all reference strain–biocide combinations, except for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442 with the two biocides chlorhexidine and polyhexanide. The development of the latter two QC ranges was not possible, due to the limited solubility of the biocides in the test range required for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442. The newly developed QC ranges comprise three to five dilution steps. The establishment of QC ranges will contribute to the validation of BST in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7bae0b52afe4036b72fae2dab74a6b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:17:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7bae0b52afe4036b72fae2dab74a6b12023-11-23T21:32:16ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172022-02-0111222310.3390/pathogens11020223Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility TestingAngela R. Schug0Anissa D. Scholtzek1John Turnidge2Marita Meurer3Stefan Schwarz4Andrea T. Feßler5the Biocide Susceptibility Study GroupInstitute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, GermanySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaInstitute for Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, GermanyInstitute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, GermanyInstitute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14163 Berlin, GermanyEvery laboratory test needs validation by quality controls. For biocide susceptibility testing (BST), neither quality control (QC) strains nor QC ranges applicable to these strains are currently available. As QC strains, four well-defined laboratory reference strains (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 6538, <i>Enterococcus hirae</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 10541, <i>Escherichia coli</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 10536 and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442), which have been used previously for biocide efficacy testing, were selected. In an interlaboratory trial with eleven participating laboratories, BST QC ranges should be developed for the aforementioned four strains and the four biocides benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, octenidine and polyhexanide. The performance of three different lots of tryptic soy broth was explored using the broth microdilution method and the data were subsequently evaluated using the RangeFinder software. As a result, QC ranges were defined for all reference strain–biocide combinations, except for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442 with the two biocides chlorhexidine and polyhexanide. The development of the latter two QC ranges was not possible, due to the limited solubility of the biocides in the test range required for <i>P. aeruginosa</i> ATCC<sup>®</sup> 15442. The newly developed QC ranges comprise three to five dilution steps. The establishment of QC ranges will contribute to the validation of BST in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/2/223<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i><i>Enterococcus hirae</i><i>Escherichia coli</i><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>benzalkonium chloridechlorhexidine |
| spellingShingle | Angela R. Schug Anissa D. Scholtzek John Turnidge Marita Meurer Stefan Schwarz Andrea T. Feßler the Biocide Susceptibility Study Group Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing Pathogens <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>Enterococcus hirae</i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> benzalkonium chloride chlorhexidine |
| title | Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing |
| title_full | Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing |
| title_fullStr | Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing |
| title_short | Development of Quality Control Ranges for Biocide Susceptibility Testing |
| title_sort | development of quality control ranges for biocide susceptibility testing |
| topic | <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> <i>Enterococcus hirae</i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> benzalkonium chloride chlorhexidine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/11/2/223 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT angelarschug developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT anissadscholtzek developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT johnturnidge developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT maritameurer developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT stefanschwarz developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT andreatfeßler developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting AT thebiocidesusceptibilitystudygroup developmentofqualitycontrolrangesforbiocidesusceptibilitytesting |