The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. The virus can be transmitted to neonates and there are scarce data regarding incidence of HSV-2 among women in pregnancy and after childbirt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2010-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Women's Health |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6874/10/2 |
| _version_ | 1818757223539539968 |
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| author | Mashavave Grace V Mapingure Munyaradzi P Kurewa Edith N Munjoma Marshall W Chirenje Mike Z Rusakaniko Simbarashe Hussain Akhtar Stray-Pedersen Babill |
| author_facet | Mashavave Grace V Mapingure Munyaradzi P Kurewa Edith N Munjoma Marshall W Chirenje Mike Z Rusakaniko Simbarashe Hussain Akhtar Stray-Pedersen Babill |
| author_sort | Mashavave Grace V |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. The virus can be transmitted to neonates and there are scarce data regarding incidence of HSV-2 among women in pregnancy and after childbirth. The aim of this study is to measure the incidence and risk factors for HSV-2 infection in women followed for 9 months after childbirth.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pregnant women were consecutively enrolled late in pregnancy and followed at six weeks, four and nine months after childbirth. Stored samples were tested for HSV-2 at baseline and again at nine months after childbirth and HSV-2 seropositive samples at nine months after childbirth (seroconverters) were tested retrospectively to identify the seroconversion point.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One hundred and seventy-three (50.9%) of the 340 consecutively enrolled pregnant women were HSV-2 seronegative at baseline. HSV-2 incidence rate during the 10 months follow up was 9.7 (95% CI 5.4-14.4)/100 and 18.8 (95% CI 13.9-26.1)/100 person years at risk (PYAR) at four months and nine months after childbirth respectively. Analysis restricted to women reporting sexual activity yielded higher incidence rates. The prevalence of HSV-2 amongst the HIV-1 seropositive was 89.3%. Risk factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity were having other sexual partners in past 12 months (Prevalence Risk Ratio (PRR) 1.8 (95% CI 1.4-2.4) and presence of <it>Trichomonas vaginalis </it>(PRR 1.7 95% CI 1.4-2.1). Polygamy (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 4.4, 95% CI 1.9-10.6) and young age at sexual debut (IRR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6-8.3) were associated with primary HSV-2 infection during the 10 months follow up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Incidence of HSV-2 after childbirth is high and the period between late pregnancy and six weeks after childbirth needs to be targeted for prevention of primary HSV-2 infection to avert possible neonatal infections.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T06:07:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7bb8538a5d047c8b266674a5cf02441 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6874 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T06:07:31Z |
| publishDate | 2010-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Women's Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7bb8538a5d047c8b266674a5cf024412022-12-21T21:18:30ZengBMCBMC Women's Health1472-68742010-01-01101210.1186/1472-6874-10-2The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirthMashavave Grace VMapingure Munyaradzi PKurewa Edith NMunjoma Marshall WChirenje Mike ZRusakaniko SimbarasheHussain AkhtarStray-Pedersen Babill<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is the leading cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide. The virus can be transmitted to neonates and there are scarce data regarding incidence of HSV-2 among women in pregnancy and after childbirth. The aim of this study is to measure the incidence and risk factors for HSV-2 infection in women followed for 9 months after childbirth.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Pregnant women were consecutively enrolled late in pregnancy and followed at six weeks, four and nine months after childbirth. Stored samples were tested for HSV-2 at baseline and again at nine months after childbirth and HSV-2 seropositive samples at nine months after childbirth (seroconverters) were tested retrospectively to identify the seroconversion point.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>One hundred and seventy-three (50.9%) of the 340 consecutively enrolled pregnant women were HSV-2 seronegative at baseline. HSV-2 incidence rate during the 10 months follow up was 9.7 (95% CI 5.4-14.4)/100 and 18.8 (95% CI 13.9-26.1)/100 person years at risk (PYAR) at four months and nine months after childbirth respectively. Analysis restricted to women reporting sexual activity yielded higher incidence rates. The prevalence of HSV-2 amongst the HIV-1 seropositive was 89.3%. Risk factors associated with HSV-2 seropositivity were having other sexual partners in past 12 months (Prevalence Risk Ratio (PRR) 1.8 (95% CI 1.4-2.4) and presence of <it>Trichomonas vaginalis </it>(PRR 1.7 95% CI 1.4-2.1). Polygamy (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 4.4, 95% CI 1.9-10.6) and young age at sexual debut (IRR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6-8.3) were associated with primary HSV-2 infection during the 10 months follow up.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Incidence of HSV-2 after childbirth is high and the period between late pregnancy and six weeks after childbirth needs to be targeted for prevention of primary HSV-2 infection to avert possible neonatal infections.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6874/10/2 |
| spellingShingle | Mashavave Grace V Mapingure Munyaradzi P Kurewa Edith N Munjoma Marshall W Chirenje Mike Z Rusakaniko Simbarashe Hussain Akhtar Stray-Pedersen Babill The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth BMC Women's Health |
| title | The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| title_full | The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| title_fullStr | The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| title_full_unstemmed | The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| title_short | The prevalence, incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant Zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| title_sort | prevalence incidence and risk factors of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among pregnant zimbabwean women followed up nine months after childbirth |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6874/10/2 |
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