Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort
Abstract Background Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) in China and compare the differences between adult- and juv...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-09-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01387-x |
| _version_ | 1797453504594313216 |
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| author | Shu-Xin Huang Hao-Guang Li Hong-Jin Liang Dan-Min Wang Jian-Hua Peng Feng-Cai Shen Wei-Ping Li Ling Lin Zheng-Yu Xiao Zhi-Duo Hou |
| author_facet | Shu-Xin Huang Hao-Guang Li Hong-Jin Liang Dan-Min Wang Jian-Hua Peng Feng-Cai Shen Wei-Ping Li Ling Lin Zheng-Yu Xiao Zhi-Duo Hou |
| author_sort | Shu-Xin Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) in China and compare the differences between adult- and juvenile-onset cases. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 776 patients with nr-axSpA in the Clinical Characteristic and Outcome in Chinese Axial Spondyloarthritis (COCAS) study cohort. Patients were divided into two groups including the adult-onset group (n = 662) and the juvenile-onset group (n = 114) according to age at disease onset. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with adult-onset and juvenile-onset nr-axSpA. Results Overall, the male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1, the prevalence of HLA-B27 positivity was 72.2%, and the median age at disease onset of nr-axSpA was 22 years. Nearly 75% of nr-axSpA patients had peripheral arthritis in the disease course, and the prevalence of extra-articular manifestations was 10.4%. The juvenile-onset group contained a higher proportion of men (66.7% vs. 53.9%, P = 0.011) and a longer baseline disease duration (4.0 [4.0] vs. 1.6 [3.5], P < 0.001) than the adult-onset group. A family history of spondyloarthritis was more frequent in the juvenile-onset group than in the adult-onset group (23.7% vs. 15.4%, P = 0.028), but no significant difference in the prevalence of HLA-B27 positivity was observed between the two groups (P = 0.537). Regarding initial symptoms, peripheral arthritis occurred more often in patients with juvenile-onset nr-axSpA, whereas patients with adult-onset nr-axSpA presented more frequently with axial involvement. The prevalence of inflammatory back pain (IBP) was higher in the adult-onset group than in the juvenile-onset group (85.0% vs. 75.4%, P = 0.010), whereas the juvenile-onset group showed a higher prevalence of peripheral arthritis and enthesitis than the adult-onset group (67.5% vs. 48.5%, P < 0.001; 35.1% vs. 23.3%, P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions Compared with adult-onset nr-axSpA, juvenile-onset nr-axSpA was more common in men and those with a family history of spondyloarthritis. Juvenile-onset nr-axSpA presents with a “peripheral predominant” mode at disease onset and a higher frequency of peripheral arthritis and enthesitis during the disease course. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:23:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7c4abaaaf2d40ac97dac32f835cfd48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-783X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:23:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Medical Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7c4abaaaf2d40ac97dac32f835cfd482023-11-26T12:42:06ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2023-09-0128111110.1186/s40001-023-01387-xComparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohortShu-Xin Huang0Hao-Guang Li1Hong-Jin Liang2Dan-Min Wang3Jian-Hua Peng4Feng-Cai Shen5Wei-Ping Li6Ling Lin7Zheng-Yu Xiao8Zhi-Duo Hou9Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeClinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeAbstract Background Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease predominantly affecting the axial skeleton. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of patients with non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) in China and compare the differences between adult- and juvenile-onset cases. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 776 patients with nr-axSpA in the Clinical Characteristic and Outcome in Chinese Axial Spondyloarthritis (COCAS) study cohort. Patients were divided into two groups including the adult-onset group (n = 662) and the juvenile-onset group (n = 114) according to age at disease onset. Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with adult-onset and juvenile-onset nr-axSpA. Results Overall, the male-to-female ratio was 1.26:1, the prevalence of HLA-B27 positivity was 72.2%, and the median age at disease onset of nr-axSpA was 22 years. Nearly 75% of nr-axSpA patients had peripheral arthritis in the disease course, and the prevalence of extra-articular manifestations was 10.4%. The juvenile-onset group contained a higher proportion of men (66.7% vs. 53.9%, P = 0.011) and a longer baseline disease duration (4.0 [4.0] vs. 1.6 [3.5], P < 0.001) than the adult-onset group. A family history of spondyloarthritis was more frequent in the juvenile-onset group than in the adult-onset group (23.7% vs. 15.4%, P = 0.028), but no significant difference in the prevalence of HLA-B27 positivity was observed between the two groups (P = 0.537). Regarding initial symptoms, peripheral arthritis occurred more often in patients with juvenile-onset nr-axSpA, whereas patients with adult-onset nr-axSpA presented more frequently with axial involvement. The prevalence of inflammatory back pain (IBP) was higher in the adult-onset group than in the juvenile-onset group (85.0% vs. 75.4%, P = 0.010), whereas the juvenile-onset group showed a higher prevalence of peripheral arthritis and enthesitis than the adult-onset group (67.5% vs. 48.5%, P < 0.001; 35.1% vs. 23.3%, P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions Compared with adult-onset nr-axSpA, juvenile-onset nr-axSpA was more common in men and those with a family history of spondyloarthritis. Juvenile-onset nr-axSpA presents with a “peripheral predominant” mode at disease onset and a higher frequency of peripheral arthritis and enthesitis during the disease course.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01387-xNon-radiographic axial spondyloarthritisHLA-B27Juvenile-onsetPeripheral arthritisEnthesitis |
| spellingShingle | Shu-Xin Huang Hao-Guang Li Hong-Jin Liang Dan-Min Wang Jian-Hua Peng Feng-Cai Shen Wei-Ping Li Ling Lin Zheng-Yu Xiao Zhi-Duo Hou Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort European Journal of Medical Research Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis HLA-B27 Juvenile-onset Peripheral arthritis Enthesitis |
| title | Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort |
| title_full | Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort |
| title_fullStr | Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort |
| title_short | Comparison of clinical characteristics between adult-onset and juvenile-onset non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in Chinese patients: results from the COCAS cohort |
| title_sort | comparison of clinical characteristics between adult onset and juvenile onset non radiographic axial spondyloarthritis in chinese patients results from the cocas cohort |
| topic | Non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis HLA-B27 Juvenile-onset Peripheral arthritis Enthesitis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-023-01387-x |
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