Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, representing approximately a third of all deaths every year. The greater part of these cases is represented by myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack as it is better known, which occurs when declining bloo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/707 |
| _version_ | 1827717612646170624 |
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| author | Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan Juliana Ferreria Floriano Laura Nicastro Costanza Emanueli Francesco Catapano |
| author_facet | Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan Juliana Ferreria Floriano Laura Nicastro Costanza Emanueli Francesco Catapano |
| author_sort | Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, representing approximately a third of all deaths every year. The greater part of these cases is represented by myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack as it is better known, which occurs when declining blood flow to the heart causes injury to cardiac tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that represent a promising vector for cell therapies that aim to treat MI due to their potent regenerative effects. However, it remains unclear the extent to which MSC-based therapies are able to induce regeneration in the heart and even less clear the degree to which clinical outcomes could be improved. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) known to have implications in intracellular communication, derived from MSCs (MSC-Exos), have recently emerged as a novel cell-free vector that is capable of conferring cardio-protection and regeneration in target cardiac cells. In this review, we assess the current state of research of MSC-Exos in the context of MI. In particular, we place emphasis on the mechanisms of action by which MSC-Exos accomplish their therapeutic effects, along with commentary on the current difficulties faced with exosome research and the ongoing clinical applications of stem-cell derived exosomes in different medical contexts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:04:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7c97af0b56b40e79ccc29a233f04d08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:04:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7c97af0b56b40e79ccc29a233f04d082023-11-19T23:20:28ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2020-05-0110570710.3390/biom10050707Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction TherapeuticsSho Joseph Ozaki Tan0Juliana Ferreria Floriano1Laura Nicastro2Costanza Emanueli3Francesco Catapano4National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, representing approximately a third of all deaths every year. The greater part of these cases is represented by myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack as it is better known, which occurs when declining blood flow to the heart causes injury to cardiac tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that represent a promising vector for cell therapies that aim to treat MI due to their potent regenerative effects. However, it remains unclear the extent to which MSC-based therapies are able to induce regeneration in the heart and even less clear the degree to which clinical outcomes could be improved. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) known to have implications in intracellular communication, derived from MSCs (MSC-Exos), have recently emerged as a novel cell-free vector that is capable of conferring cardio-protection and regeneration in target cardiac cells. In this review, we assess the current state of research of MSC-Exos in the context of MI. In particular, we place emphasis on the mechanisms of action by which MSC-Exos accomplish their therapeutic effects, along with commentary on the current difficulties faced with exosome research and the ongoing clinical applications of stem-cell derived exosomes in different medical contexts.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/707myocardial infarctioncardiovascular diseasemesenchymal stem cellsexosomesextracellular vesiclescardioprotection |
| spellingShingle | Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan Juliana Ferreria Floriano Laura Nicastro Costanza Emanueli Francesco Catapano Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics Biomolecules myocardial infarction cardiovascular disease mesenchymal stem cells exosomes extracellular vesicles cardioprotection |
| title | Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics |
| title_full | Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics |
| title_fullStr | Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics |
| title_short | Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics |
| title_sort | novel applications of mesenchymal stem cell derived exosomes for myocardial infarction therapeutics |
| topic | myocardial infarction cardiovascular disease mesenchymal stem cells exosomes extracellular vesicles cardioprotection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/10/5/707 |
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