Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits
Central proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons form a potent anorexigenic network, but our understanding of the integration of this hypothalamic circuit throughout the central nervous system (CNS) remains incomplete. POMC neurons extend projections along the rostrocaudal axis of the brain, and can signa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2013.00019/full |
| _version_ | 1818309553672945664 |
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| author | Aaron J. Mercer Shane T. Hentges Charles K. Meshul Charles K. Meshul Malcolm J. Low Malcolm J. Low |
| author_facet | Aaron J. Mercer Shane T. Hentges Charles K. Meshul Charles K. Meshul Malcolm J. Low Malcolm J. Low |
| author_sort | Aaron J. Mercer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Central proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons form a potent anorexigenic network, but our understanding of the integration of this hypothalamic circuit throughout the central nervous system (CNS) remains incomplete. POMC neurons extend projections along the rostrocaudal axis of the brain, and can signal with both POMC-derived peptides and fast amino acid neurotransmitters. Although recent experimental advances in circuit-level manipulation have been applied to POMC neurons, many pivotal questions still remain: How and where do POMC neurons integrate metabolic information? Under what conditions do POMC neurons release bioactive molecules throughout the CNS? Are GABA and glutamate or neuropeptides released from POMC neurons more crucial for modulating feeding and metabolism? Resolving the exact stoichiometry of signals evoked from POMC neurons under different metabolic conditions therefore remains an ongoing endeavor. In this review, we analyze the anatomical atlas of this network juxtaposed to the physiological signaling of POMC neurons both in vitro and in vivo. We also consider novel genetic tools to further characterize the function of the POMC circuit in vivo. Our goal is to synthesize a global view of the POMC network, and to highlight gaps that require further research to expand our knowledge on how these neurons modulate energy balance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:32:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7cda47245eb4b5198418d7a9f598e5e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T07:32:00Z |
| publishDate | 2013-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7cda47245eb4b5198418d7a9f598e5e2022-12-21T23:55:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2013-02-01710.3389/fnins.2013.0001940869Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuitsAaron J. Mercer0Shane T. Hentges1Charles K. Meshul2Charles K. Meshul3Malcolm J. Low4Malcolm J. Low5University of Michigan, Ann ArborColorado State UniversityOregon Health & Science UniversityVeterans Affairs Medical CenterUniversity of Michigan, Ann ArborUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolCentral proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons form a potent anorexigenic network, but our understanding of the integration of this hypothalamic circuit throughout the central nervous system (CNS) remains incomplete. POMC neurons extend projections along the rostrocaudal axis of the brain, and can signal with both POMC-derived peptides and fast amino acid neurotransmitters. Although recent experimental advances in circuit-level manipulation have been applied to POMC neurons, many pivotal questions still remain: How and where do POMC neurons integrate metabolic information? Under what conditions do POMC neurons release bioactive molecules throughout the CNS? Are GABA and glutamate or neuropeptides released from POMC neurons more crucial for modulating feeding and metabolism? Resolving the exact stoichiometry of signals evoked from POMC neurons under different metabolic conditions therefore remains an ongoing endeavor. In this review, we analyze the anatomical atlas of this network juxtaposed to the physiological signaling of POMC neurons both in vitro and in vivo. We also consider novel genetic tools to further characterize the function of the POMC circuit in vivo. Our goal is to synthesize a global view of the POMC network, and to highlight gaps that require further research to expand our knowledge on how these neurons modulate energy balance.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2013.00019/fullArcuate NucleusHypothalamusMetabolismneural networksenergy homeostasisproopiomelanocortin neurons |
| spellingShingle | Aaron J. Mercer Shane T. Hentges Charles K. Meshul Charles K. Meshul Malcolm J. Low Malcolm J. Low Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits Frontiers in Neuroscience Arcuate Nucleus Hypothalamus Metabolism neural networks energy homeostasis proopiomelanocortin neurons |
| title | Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| title_full | Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| title_fullStr | Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| title_short | Unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| title_sort | unraveling the central proopiomelanocortin neural circuits |
| topic | Arcuate Nucleus Hypothalamus Metabolism neural networks energy homeostasis proopiomelanocortin neurons |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2013.00019/full |
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