Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a worldwide epidemic, primarily driven by obesity from overnutrition and sedentariness. Recent results reveal there is heterogeneity in both pathology and treatment responses in T2D patients. Therefore, a variety of T2D animal models are necessary to obtain a mechani...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/473 |
| _version_ | 1797242032034414592 |
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| author | Brittney A. Covington Wenbiao Chen |
| author_facet | Brittney A. Covington Wenbiao Chen |
| author_sort | Brittney A. Covington |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a worldwide epidemic, primarily driven by obesity from overnutrition and sedentariness. Recent results reveal there is heterogeneity in both pathology and treatment responses in T2D patients. Therefore, a variety of T2D animal models are necessary to obtain a mechanistic understanding of distinct disease processes. T2D results from insufficient insulin, either due to beta cell loss or inborn deficiency. Although decreases in beta cell mass can occur through loss of identity or cell death, in this review, we will highlight the T2D animal models that display beta cell death, including the Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat, sand rat, db/db mouse, and a novel diabetic zebrafish model, the Zebrafish Muscle Insulin-Resistant (zMIR) fish. Procuring a mechanistic understanding of different T2D progression trajectories under a variety of contexts is paramount for developing and testing more individualized treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:32:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d7ea7b27ffb34b0a98ba33460ce81c1e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:32:46Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7ea7b27ffb34b0a98ba33460ce81c1e2024-03-27T13:22:26ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592024-02-0112347310.3390/biomedicines12030473Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes PathogenesisBrittney A. Covington0Wenbiao Chen1Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USADepartment of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USAType 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a worldwide epidemic, primarily driven by obesity from overnutrition and sedentariness. Recent results reveal there is heterogeneity in both pathology and treatment responses in T2D patients. Therefore, a variety of T2D animal models are necessary to obtain a mechanistic understanding of distinct disease processes. T2D results from insufficient insulin, either due to beta cell loss or inborn deficiency. Although decreases in beta cell mass can occur through loss of identity or cell death, in this review, we will highlight the T2D animal models that display beta cell death, including the Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat, sand rat, db/db mouse, and a novel diabetic zebrafish model, the Zebrafish Muscle Insulin-Resistant (zMIR) fish. Procuring a mechanistic understanding of different T2D progression trajectories under a variety of contexts is paramount for developing and testing more individualized treatments.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/473type 2 diabetesbeta cell deathislet inflammationanimal modelszebrafish |
| spellingShingle | Brittney A. Covington Wenbiao Chen Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis Biomedicines type 2 diabetes beta cell death islet inflammation animal models zebrafish |
| title | Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis |
| title_full | Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis |
| title_short | Animal Models for Understanding the Mechanisms of Beta Cell Death during Type 2 Diabetes Pathogenesis |
| title_sort | animal models for understanding the mechanisms of beta cell death during type 2 diabetes pathogenesis |
| topic | type 2 diabetes beta cell death islet inflammation animal models zebrafish |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/3/473 |
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