Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i>
Goosegrass (<i>Eleusine indica</i> (L.) Gaertn.) is one of the most vicious weeds worldwide, competing with crops and greatly reducing their yields. Glyphosate, a non-selective, broad spectrum, post-emergence herbicide has inevitably induced severe resistance in many weeds owing to its i...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/699 |
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| author | Jingchao Chen Zhiling Li Hailan Cui Haiyan Yu Xiangju Li |
| author_facet | Jingchao Chen Zhiling Li Hailan Cui Haiyan Yu Xiangju Li |
| author_sort | Jingchao Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Goosegrass (<i>Eleusine indica</i> (L.) Gaertn.) is one of the most vicious weeds worldwide, competing with crops and greatly reducing their yields. Glyphosate, a non-selective, broad spectrum, post-emergence herbicide has inevitably induced severe resistance in many weeds owing to its intensive use. Additionally, control strategies rely on the clarity of resistance mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the resistance levels and potential resistance mechanisms of two goosegrass populations collected from orchards. Results showed that the resistance indexes of LL and SS populations were 3.8 and 1.9, respectively. A single nucleotide change led to a Pro106Leu (P106L) mutation in the LL population and the SS population had a Pro106Ser (P106S) amino acid substitution. The <i>EPSPS</i> expression in both populations was 2.6 times that of the wild-type population. However, the relative copy number and EPSPS protein content in the LL population were higher than those of the SS population, as indicated by immunoblot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Overall, we confirmed <i>EPSPS</i> amplification with a P106L mutation, resulting in overproduction of this mutated EPSPS protein, which conferred moderate glyphosate resistance. This study details a case of simultaneous evolution of mutation and amplification in <i>EPSPS</i> of glyphosate resistance weeds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:03:55Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d7ea8bc861244546b6cdbad8fd427abd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:03:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7ea8bc861244546b6cdbad8fd427abd2023-11-17T09:04:54ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-02-0113369910.3390/agronomy13030699Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i>Jingchao Chen0Zhiling Li1Hailan Cui2Haiyan Yu3Xiangju Li4State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, ChinaGoosegrass (<i>Eleusine indica</i> (L.) Gaertn.) is one of the most vicious weeds worldwide, competing with crops and greatly reducing their yields. Glyphosate, a non-selective, broad spectrum, post-emergence herbicide has inevitably induced severe resistance in many weeds owing to its intensive use. Additionally, control strategies rely on the clarity of resistance mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the resistance levels and potential resistance mechanisms of two goosegrass populations collected from orchards. Results showed that the resistance indexes of LL and SS populations were 3.8 and 1.9, respectively. A single nucleotide change led to a Pro106Leu (P106L) mutation in the LL population and the SS population had a Pro106Ser (P106S) amino acid substitution. The <i>EPSPS</i> expression in both populations was 2.6 times that of the wild-type population. However, the relative copy number and EPSPS protein content in the LL population were higher than those of the SS population, as indicated by immunoblot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Overall, we confirmed <i>EPSPS</i> amplification with a P106L mutation, resulting in overproduction of this mutated EPSPS protein, which conferred moderate glyphosate resistance. This study details a case of simultaneous evolution of mutation and amplification in <i>EPSPS</i> of glyphosate resistance weeds.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/699<i>EPSPS</i>goosegrassglyphosatemutationamplification |
| spellingShingle | Jingchao Chen Zhiling Li Hailan Cui Haiyan Yu Xiangju Li Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> Agronomy <i>EPSPS</i> goosegrass glyphosate mutation amplification |
| title | Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> |
| title_full | Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> |
| title_fullStr | Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> |
| title_short | Gene Amplification of <i>EPSPS</i> with a Mutation in Conserved Region: The Evolved Glyphosate Resistance Mechanism in <i>Eleusine indica</i> |
| title_sort | gene amplification of i epsps i with a mutation in conserved region the evolved glyphosate resistance mechanism in i eleusine indica i |
| topic | <i>EPSPS</i> goosegrass glyphosate mutation amplification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/13/3/699 |
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