Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential
Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) have emerged as a new class of nanocelluloses where the presence of residual lignin is expected to impart additional attributes such as hydrophobicity or UV-absorption. In the present work, LCNFs with a lignin content between 7 and 15 wt% were prepared...
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/1/126 |
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| author | Amira Najahi Quim Tarrés Pere Mutjé Marc Delgado-Aguilar Jean-Luc Putaux Sami Boufi |
| author_facet | Amira Najahi Quim Tarrés Pere Mutjé Marc Delgado-Aguilar Jean-Luc Putaux Sami Boufi |
| author_sort | Amira Najahi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) have emerged as a new class of nanocelluloses where the presence of residual lignin is expected to impart additional attributes such as hydrophobicity or UV-absorption. In the present work, LCNFs with a lignin content between 7 and 15 wt% were prepared via a TEMPO-mediated oxidation as chemical pretreatment followed by high-pressure homogenization. The impact of the carboxyl content (CC) on the properties of the resulting LCNF gel, in terms of lignin content, colloidal properties, morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability, were investigated. It was found that lignin content was significantly decreased at increasing CC. In addition, CC had a positive effect on colloidal stability and water contact angle, as well as resulting in smaller fibrils. This lower size, together with the lower lignin content, resulted in a slightly lower thermal stability. The reinforcing potential of the LCNFs when incorporated into a ductile polymer matrix was also explored by preparing nanocomposite films with different LCNF contents that were mechanically tested under linear and non-linear regimes by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and tensile tests. For comparison purposes, the reinforcing effect of the LCNFs with lignin-free CNFs was also reported based on literature data. It was found that lignin hinders the network-forming capacity of LCNFs, as literature data shows a higher reinforcing potential of lignin-free CNFs. Nonetheless, the tensile strength of the acrylic matrix was enhanced by 10-fold at 10 wt% of LCNF content. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:44:08Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d7f013731849438b80a1fee2108d6c69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:44:08Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d7f013731849438b80a1fee2108d6c692023-12-02T00:44:38ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-12-0113112610.3390/nano13010126Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing PotentialAmira Najahi0Quim Tarrés1Pere Mutjé2Marc Delgado-Aguilar3Jean-Luc Putaux4Sami Boufi5LMSE, Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, Sfax BP 802–3018, TunisiaLEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61–17003 Girona, SpainLEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61–17003 Girona, SpainLEPAMAP-PRODIS Research Group, University of Girona, C/Maria Aurèlia Capmany, 61–17003 Girona, SpainUniversité Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000 Grenoble, FranceLMSE, Faculty of Science, University of Sfax, Sfax BP 802–3018, TunisiaLignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) have emerged as a new class of nanocelluloses where the presence of residual lignin is expected to impart additional attributes such as hydrophobicity or UV-absorption. In the present work, LCNFs with a lignin content between 7 and 15 wt% were prepared via a TEMPO-mediated oxidation as chemical pretreatment followed by high-pressure homogenization. The impact of the carboxyl content (CC) on the properties of the resulting LCNF gel, in terms of lignin content, colloidal properties, morphology, crystallinity, and thermal stability, were investigated. It was found that lignin content was significantly decreased at increasing CC. In addition, CC had a positive effect on colloidal stability and water contact angle, as well as resulting in smaller fibrils. This lower size, together with the lower lignin content, resulted in a slightly lower thermal stability. The reinforcing potential of the LCNFs when incorporated into a ductile polymer matrix was also explored by preparing nanocomposite films with different LCNF contents that were mechanically tested under linear and non-linear regimes by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and tensile tests. For comparison purposes, the reinforcing effect of the LCNFs with lignin-free CNFs was also reported based on literature data. It was found that lignin hinders the network-forming capacity of LCNFs, as literature data shows a higher reinforcing potential of lignin-free CNFs. Nonetheless, the tensile strength of the acrylic matrix was enhanced by 10-fold at 10 wt% of LCNF content.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/1/126lignocellulosic nanofibersnanocelluloseTEMPO-mediated oxidationproperty |
| spellingShingle | Amira Najahi Quim Tarrés Pere Mutjé Marc Delgado-Aguilar Jean-Luc Putaux Sami Boufi Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential Nanomaterials lignocellulosic nanofibers nanocellulose TEMPO-mediated oxidation property |
| title | Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential |
| title_full | Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential |
| title_fullStr | Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential |
| title_short | Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils from TEMPO-Mediated Oxidation of Date Palm Waste: Preparation, Characterization, and Reinforcing Potential |
| title_sort | lignin containing cellulose nanofibrils from tempo mediated oxidation of date palm waste preparation characterization and reinforcing potential |
| topic | lignocellulosic nanofibers nanocellulose TEMPO-mediated oxidation property |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/1/126 |
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