Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering

Bone-related diseases have been increasing worldwide, and several nanocomposites have been used to treat them. Among several nanocomposites, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based nanocomposites are widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradabi...

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Main Authors: Anand Mohan, Madhuri Girdhar, Raj Kumar, Harshil S. Chaturvedi, Agrataben Vadhel, Pratima R. Solanki, Anil Kumar, Deepak Kumar, Narsimha Mamidi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-11-01
Series:Pharmaceuticals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/11/1163
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author Anand Mohan
Madhuri Girdhar
Raj Kumar
Harshil S. Chaturvedi
Agrataben Vadhel
Pratima R. Solanki
Anil Kumar
Deepak Kumar
Narsimha Mamidi
author_facet Anand Mohan
Madhuri Girdhar
Raj Kumar
Harshil S. Chaturvedi
Agrataben Vadhel
Pratima R. Solanki
Anil Kumar
Deepak Kumar
Narsimha Mamidi
author_sort Anand Mohan
collection DOAJ
description Bone-related diseases have been increasing worldwide, and several nanocomposites have been used to treat them. Among several nanocomposites, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based nanocomposites are widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, PHB use in bone tissue engineering is limited due to its inadequate physicochemical and mechanical properties. In the present work, we synthesized PHB-based nanocomposites using a nanoblend and nano-clay with modified montmorillonite (MMT) as a filler. MMT was modified using trimethyl stearyl ammonium (TMSA). Nanoblend and nano-clay were fabricated using the solvent-casting technique. Inspection of the composite structure revealed that the basal spacing of the polymeric matrix material was significantly altered depending on the loading percentage of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nano-clay. The PHB/OMMT nanocomposite displayed enhanced thermal stability and upper working temperature upon heating as compared to the pristine polymer. The dispersed (OMMT) nano-clay assisted in the formation of pores on the surface of the polymer. The pore size was proportional to the weight percentage of OMMT. Further morphological analysis of these blends was carried out through FESEM. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited augmented properties over neat PHB and could have an abundance of applications in the industry and medicinal sectors. In particular, improved porosity, non-immunogenic nature, and strong biocompatibility suggest their effective application in bone tissue engineering. Thus, PHB/OMMT nanocomposites are a promising candidate for 3D organ printing, lab-on-a-chip scaffold engineering, and bone tissue engineering.
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spelling doaj.art-d8014a6a454546ed88dafdc35f00e3a62023-11-23T00:56:12ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472021-11-011411116310.3390/ph14111163Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue EngineeringAnand Mohan0Madhuri Girdhar1Raj Kumar2Harshil S. Chaturvedi3Agrataben Vadhel4Pratima R. Solanki5Anil Kumar6Deepak Kumar7Narsimha Mamidi8School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USASchool of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSchool of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaSpecial Center for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, IndiaGene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi 110067, IndiaSchool of Chemical Engineering and Physical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry and Nanotechnology, School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, MexicoBone-related diseases have been increasing worldwide, and several nanocomposites have been used to treat them. Among several nanocomposites, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)-based nanocomposites are widely used in drug delivery and tissue engineering due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, PHB use in bone tissue engineering is limited due to its inadequate physicochemical and mechanical properties. In the present work, we synthesized PHB-based nanocomposites using a nanoblend and nano-clay with modified montmorillonite (MMT) as a filler. MMT was modified using trimethyl stearyl ammonium (TMSA). Nanoblend and nano-clay were fabricated using the solvent-casting technique. Inspection of the composite structure revealed that the basal spacing of the polymeric matrix material was significantly altered depending on the loading percentage of organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nano-clay. The PHB/OMMT nanocomposite displayed enhanced thermal stability and upper working temperature upon heating as compared to the pristine polymer. The dispersed (OMMT) nano-clay assisted in the formation of pores on the surface of the polymer. The pore size was proportional to the weight percentage of OMMT. Further morphological analysis of these blends was carried out through FESEM. The obtained nanocomposites exhibited augmented properties over neat PHB and could have an abundance of applications in the industry and medicinal sectors. In particular, improved porosity, non-immunogenic nature, and strong biocompatibility suggest their effective application in bone tissue engineering. Thus, PHB/OMMT nanocomposites are a promising candidate for 3D organ printing, lab-on-a-chip scaffold engineering, and bone tissue engineering.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/11/1163nanocompositetissue engineeringnano-claynanoblendbiomedical technologypolyhydroxy butyrate
spellingShingle Anand Mohan
Madhuri Girdhar
Raj Kumar
Harshil S. Chaturvedi
Agrataben Vadhel
Pratima R. Solanki
Anil Kumar
Deepak Kumar
Narsimha Mamidi
Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
Pharmaceuticals
nanocomposite
tissue engineering
nano-clay
nanoblend
biomedical technology
polyhydroxy butyrate
title Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
title_full Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
title_fullStr Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
title_full_unstemmed Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
title_short Polyhydroxybutyrate-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering
title_sort polyhydroxybutyrate based nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering
topic nanocomposite
tissue engineering
nano-clay
nanoblend
biomedical technology
polyhydroxy butyrate
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/11/1163
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AT harshilschaturvedi polyhydroxybutyratebasednanocompositesforbonetissueengineering
AT agratabenvadhel polyhydroxybutyratebasednanocompositesforbonetissueengineering
AT pratimarsolanki polyhydroxybutyratebasednanocompositesforbonetissueengineering
AT anilkumar polyhydroxybutyratebasednanocompositesforbonetissueengineering
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AT narsimhamamidi polyhydroxybutyratebasednanocompositesforbonetissueengineering