The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Kawa Ahmad Obeid, Ahmed Ghafour Hamasaeed Department of Clinical Pharmacy/ College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IraqCorrespondence: Kawa Ahmad Obeid, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Old Campus, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq, Tel +9647...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-impact-of-insulin-staging-in-the-context-of-pharmaceutical-care-on-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
| _version_ | 1797954405149966336 |
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| author | Obeid KA Hamasaeed AG |
| author_facet | Obeid KA Hamasaeed AG |
| author_sort | Obeid KA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Kawa Ahmad Obeid, Ahmed Ghafour Hamasaeed Department of Clinical Pharmacy/ College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IraqCorrespondence: Kawa Ahmad Obeid, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Old Campus, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq, Tel +9647501112412, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Email kawa.uobaed@univsul.edu.iqPurpose: The problem of polypharmacy and the nature of the disease make patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus highly vulnerable to drug therapy problems, especially those who are on insulin therapy. Despite this challenge, reaching the desired clinical outcome and using an appropriate insulin regimen are also considered a controversial issue among clinicians. The current study is designed to explore the impact of insulin staging regimens in the context of pharmaceutical care on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients and Methods: This study is a randomized interventional comparative study of a few groups. It was conducted at the Diabetes and Endocrine Centre in Sulaymaniyah City in Iraq from January to August 2022. Patients with T2DM who were on insulin therapy were enrolled in this trial. The participants were divided into two groups, the interventional and non-interventional groups. The insulin regimen was modified, and pharmaceutical care process was performed for the intervention group. Drug therapy problems (DTPs) and clinical parameters were monitored both groups over the course of six months.Results: A total of 67 patients with T2DM on insulin were included in this study, and of them, 73% were females, with a mean age of 57.34 ± 7.825 years. The groups were randomly divided into intervention and non-intervention groups. After six months of applying insulin staging in the context of pharmaceutical care, FPG (Mean Diff.= 72.25, 95% CI of diff.= 20.44 to 124.1), HbA1c (Mean Diff.= 2.087, 95% CI of diff.= 1.151 to 3.023) and DTP were significantly improved in the intervention group.Conclusion: Implementing the insulin staging approach within the context of the pharmaceutical care process showed a significant impact on controlling plasma glucose levels.Keywords: drug therapy problem, clinical pharmacy, insulin staging, adherence, insulin regimen |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:18:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d8020f897f8f4496a368419b05cef7ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T23:18:07Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-d8020f897f8f4496a368419b05cef7ab2023-01-12T18:03:06ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072023-01-01Volume 16718380924The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes MellitusObeid KAHamasaeed AGKawa Ahmad Obeid, Ahmed Ghafour Hamasaeed Department of Clinical Pharmacy/ College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, IraqCorrespondence: Kawa Ahmad Obeid, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Old Campus, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46001, Iraq, Tel +9647501112412, College of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Email kawa.uobaed@univsul.edu.iqPurpose: The problem of polypharmacy and the nature of the disease make patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus highly vulnerable to drug therapy problems, especially those who are on insulin therapy. Despite this challenge, reaching the desired clinical outcome and using an appropriate insulin regimen are also considered a controversial issue among clinicians. The current study is designed to explore the impact of insulin staging regimens in the context of pharmaceutical care on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Patients and Methods: This study is a randomized interventional comparative study of a few groups. It was conducted at the Diabetes and Endocrine Centre in Sulaymaniyah City in Iraq from January to August 2022. Patients with T2DM who were on insulin therapy were enrolled in this trial. The participants were divided into two groups, the interventional and non-interventional groups. The insulin regimen was modified, and pharmaceutical care process was performed for the intervention group. Drug therapy problems (DTPs) and clinical parameters were monitored both groups over the course of six months.Results: A total of 67 patients with T2DM on insulin were included in this study, and of them, 73% were females, with a mean age of 57.34 ± 7.825 years. The groups were randomly divided into intervention and non-intervention groups. After six months of applying insulin staging in the context of pharmaceutical care, FPG (Mean Diff.= 72.25, 95% CI of diff.= 20.44 to 124.1), HbA1c (Mean Diff.= 2.087, 95% CI of diff.= 1.151 to 3.023) and DTP were significantly improved in the intervention group.Conclusion: Implementing the insulin staging approach within the context of the pharmaceutical care process showed a significant impact on controlling plasma glucose levels.Keywords: drug therapy problem, clinical pharmacy, insulin staging, adherence, insulin regimenhttps://www.dovepress.com/the-impact-of-insulin-staging-in-the-context-of-pharmaceutical-care-on-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOdrug therapy problemclinical pharmacyinsulin stagingadherenceinsulin regimen. |
| spellingShingle | Obeid KA Hamasaeed AG The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity drug therapy problem clinical pharmacy insulin staging adherence insulin regimen. |
| title | The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full | The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_short | The Impact of Insulin Staging in the Context of Pharmaceutical Care on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| title_sort | impact of insulin staging in the context of pharmaceutical care on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| topic | drug therapy problem clinical pharmacy insulin staging adherence insulin regimen. |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-impact-of-insulin-staging-in-the-context-of-pharmaceutical-care-on-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
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