Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough
Reflux and aspiration in people cause and exacerbate respiratory diseases in the absence of gastrointestinal signs. Protein biomarkers in humans detect extraesophageal reflux (EER) from oropharyngeal (OP) and bronchoalveloar lavage samples. Reflux likely contributes to respiratory disease in dogs. T...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.670007/full |
| _version_ | 1818864802622078976 |
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| author | Megan Grobman Megan Grobman Hansjörg Rindt Carol R. Reinero |
| author_facet | Megan Grobman Megan Grobman Hansjörg Rindt Carol R. Reinero |
| author_sort | Megan Grobman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reflux and aspiration in people cause and exacerbate respiratory diseases in the absence of gastrointestinal signs. Protein biomarkers in humans detect extraesophageal reflux (EER) from oropharyngeal (OP) and bronchoalveloar lavage samples. Reflux likely contributes to respiratory disease in dogs. The objectives of this study were to analyze the canine gastric fluid (GF) proteome and compare this to the OP proteome in normal, vomiting/regurgitating, and coughing dogs to identify biomarkers for EER/aspiration. Twenty-three client-owned dogs were enrolled. Canine GF samples (n = 5) and OP swabs in normal (n = 6), vomiting/regurgitating (n = 7), and coughing (n = 5) dogs were within 2 weeks of sample collection. Protein digests were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Differential abundance (DA) of proteins between groups was evaluated by Fisher's exact test with p < 0.0004 significance level after correction for multiple comparisons. DA was found between all groups (p < 0.0001): GF vs. normal (n = 130 proteins), coughing vs. normal (n = 22 proteins), and vomiting/regurgitating vs. normal (n = 20 proteins). Protein abundance was highly variable between dogs. Gastrointestinal-specific proteins were found in OP swabs from vomiting/regurgitating and coughing dogs but not from healthy dogs. In conclusion, the proteomic composition of the OP varies between health and disease. The presence of gastrointestinal-specific proteins in OP of coughing dogs may suggest reflux and/or aspiration as contributing factors. The variable protein abundance warrants investigation into biomarker panels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:37:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d819e694fd184e0d948af48921a7fe26 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-19T10:37:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d819e694fd184e0d948af48921a7fe262022-12-21T20:25:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692021-07-01810.3389/fvets.2021.670007670007Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and CoughMegan Grobman0Megan Grobman1Hansjörg Rindt2Carol R. Reinero3Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United StatesDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United StatesDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United StatesDepartment of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United StatesReflux and aspiration in people cause and exacerbate respiratory diseases in the absence of gastrointestinal signs. Protein biomarkers in humans detect extraesophageal reflux (EER) from oropharyngeal (OP) and bronchoalveloar lavage samples. Reflux likely contributes to respiratory disease in dogs. The objectives of this study were to analyze the canine gastric fluid (GF) proteome and compare this to the OP proteome in normal, vomiting/regurgitating, and coughing dogs to identify biomarkers for EER/aspiration. Twenty-three client-owned dogs were enrolled. Canine GF samples (n = 5) and OP swabs in normal (n = 6), vomiting/regurgitating (n = 7), and coughing (n = 5) dogs were within 2 weeks of sample collection. Protein digests were analyzed by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Differential abundance (DA) of proteins between groups was evaluated by Fisher's exact test with p < 0.0004 significance level after correction for multiple comparisons. DA was found between all groups (p < 0.0001): GF vs. normal (n = 130 proteins), coughing vs. normal (n = 22 proteins), and vomiting/regurgitating vs. normal (n = 20 proteins). Protein abundance was highly variable between dogs. Gastrointestinal-specific proteins were found in OP swabs from vomiting/regurgitating and coughing dogs but not from healthy dogs. In conclusion, the proteomic composition of the OP varies between health and disease. The presence of gastrointestinal-specific proteins in OP of coughing dogs may suggest reflux and/or aspiration as contributing factors. The variable protein abundance warrants investigation into biomarker panels.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.670007/fullrefluxaspirationextra-esophagealoropharyngealrespiratory |
| spellingShingle | Megan Grobman Megan Grobman Hansjörg Rindt Carol R. Reinero Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough Frontiers in Veterinary Science reflux aspiration extra-esophageal oropharyngeal respiratory |
| title | Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough |
| title_full | Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough |
| title_fullStr | Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough |
| title_short | Proteomic Characterization of Canine Gastric Fluid by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for Development of Protein Biomarkers in Regurgitation, Vomiting, and Cough |
| title_sort | proteomic characterization of canine gastric fluid by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for development of protein biomarkers in regurgitation vomiting and cough |
| topic | reflux aspiration extra-esophageal oropharyngeal respiratory |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.670007/full |
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