Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern
ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple cephalometric analyses are used to diagnose vertical skeletal facial discrepancy. A multitude of times, these parameters show conflicting results, and a specific diagnosis is hard to reach. Objective: Hence, this study aimed to identify the skeletal analysis that...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dental Press Editora
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| Series: | Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics |
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| Online Access: | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512016000400041&lng=en&tlng=en |
| _version_ | 1818362376474329088 |
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| author | Maheen Ahmed Attiya Shaikh Mubassar Fida |
| author_facet | Maheen Ahmed Attiya Shaikh Mubassar Fida |
| author_sort | Maheen Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple cephalometric analyses are used to diagnose vertical skeletal facial discrepancy. A multitude of times, these parameters show conflicting results, and a specific diagnosis is hard to reach. Objective: Hence, this study aimed to identify the skeletal analysis that performs best for the identification of vertical skeletal pattern in borderline cases. Methods: The sample consisted of 161 subjects (71 males and 90 females; mean age = 23.6 ± 4.6 years). Y-axis, Sella-Nasion to mandibular plane angle (SN.MP), maxillary plane to mandibular plane angle (MMA), Sella-Nasion to Gonion-Gnathion angle (SN.GoGn), Frankfort to mandibular plane angle (FMA), R-angle and facial height ratio (LAFH.TAFH) were used to evaluate vertical growth pattern on lateral cephalograms. The subjects were divided into three groups (hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent groups), as indicated by the diagnostic results of the majority of parameters. Kappa statistics was applied to compare the diagnostic accuracy of various analyses. To further validate the results, sensitivity and positive predictive values (PPV) for each parameter were also calculated. Results: SN.GoGn showed a substantial interclass agreement (k = 0.850). In the hypodivergent group, MMA showed the highest sensitivity (0.934), whereas FMA showed the highest PPV (0.964). In the normodivergent group, FMA showed the highest sensitivity (0.909) and SN.GoGn had the highest PPV (0.903). SN.GoGn showed the highest sensitivity (0.980) and PPV (0.87) in the hyperdivergent group. Conclusions: SN.GoGn and FMA were found to be the most reliable indicators, whereas LAFH.TAFH is the least reliable indicator in assessing facial vertical growth pattern. Hence, the cephalometric analyses may be limited to fewer analyses of higher diagnostic performance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:31:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d81afcefdf684018b5043724f7301f85 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2177-6709 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:31:36Z |
| publisher | Dental Press Editora |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d81afcefdf684018b5043724f7301f852022-12-21T23:30:48ZengDental Press EditoraDental Press Journal of Orthodontics2177-6709214414910.1590/2177-6709.21.4.041-049.oarS2176-94512016000400041Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth patternMaheen AhmedAttiya ShaikhMubassar FidaABSTRACT Introduction: Multiple cephalometric analyses are used to diagnose vertical skeletal facial discrepancy. A multitude of times, these parameters show conflicting results, and a specific diagnosis is hard to reach. Objective: Hence, this study aimed to identify the skeletal analysis that performs best for the identification of vertical skeletal pattern in borderline cases. Methods: The sample consisted of 161 subjects (71 males and 90 females; mean age = 23.6 ± 4.6 years). Y-axis, Sella-Nasion to mandibular plane angle (SN.MP), maxillary plane to mandibular plane angle (MMA), Sella-Nasion to Gonion-Gnathion angle (SN.GoGn), Frankfort to mandibular plane angle (FMA), R-angle and facial height ratio (LAFH.TAFH) were used to evaluate vertical growth pattern on lateral cephalograms. The subjects were divided into three groups (hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent groups), as indicated by the diagnostic results of the majority of parameters. Kappa statistics was applied to compare the diagnostic accuracy of various analyses. To further validate the results, sensitivity and positive predictive values (PPV) for each parameter were also calculated. Results: SN.GoGn showed a substantial interclass agreement (k = 0.850). In the hypodivergent group, MMA showed the highest sensitivity (0.934), whereas FMA showed the highest PPV (0.964). In the normodivergent group, FMA showed the highest sensitivity (0.909) and SN.GoGn had the highest PPV (0.903). SN.GoGn showed the highest sensitivity (0.980) and PPV (0.87) in the hyperdivergent group. Conclusions: SN.GoGn and FMA were found to be the most reliable indicators, whereas LAFH.TAFH is the least reliable indicator in assessing facial vertical growth pattern. Hence, the cephalometric analyses may be limited to fewer analyses of higher diagnostic performance.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512016000400041&lng=en&tlng=enDivergenceCephalometryVertical dimension. |
| spellingShingle | Maheen Ahmed Attiya Shaikh Mubassar Fida Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics Divergence Cephalometry Vertical dimension. |
| title | Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| title_full | Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| title_short | Diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| title_sort | diagnostic performance of various cephalometric parameters for the assessment of vertical growth pattern |
| topic | Divergence Cephalometry Vertical dimension. |
| url | http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2176-94512016000400041&lng=en&tlng=en |
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